xbit20230930

xbit20230930_10q.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

☐	Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number 001-37437

XBIOTECH INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

British Columbia, Canada	____
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

5217 Winnebago Ln, Austin, TX 78744

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

Telephone Number (512) 386-2900

(Registrant’s telephone number, including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par value	XBIT	NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 9, 2023, there were 30,436,964 shares of the Registrant's common stock issued and outstanding.

XBIOTECH INC.

THREE MONTHS AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023

INDEX

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and 2022 (unaudited)	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and 2022 (unaudited)	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and 2022 (unaudited)	9
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and 2022 (unaudited)	11
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	12
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Risk Factors	28
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28
Item 5.	Other Information	28
Item 6.	Exhibits	28

SIGNATURES

CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, our operations and financial performance. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. You can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “contemplate,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “projects,” “intend” or “continue” or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties in predicting future results and conditions that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to statements about:

●

our ability to obtain regulatory approval to market and sell our product candidates in the United States, Europe and elsewhere;

●

the initiation, timing, cost, progress and success of our research and development programs, preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates;

●

our ability to advance product candidates into, and successfully complete, clinical trials;

●

our ability to successfully commercialize the sale of our product candidates in the United States, Europe and elsewhere;

●

our ability to recruit sufficient numbers of patients for our future clinical trials for our pharmaceutical products;

●

our ability to achieve profitability;

●

the implementation of our business model and strategic plans;

●

our ability to develop and commercialize product candidates for orphan and niche indications independently;

●

our commercialization, marketing and manufacturing capabilities and strategy;

●

our ability to protect our intellectual property and operate our business without infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others;

●

our expectations regarding federal, state and foreign regulatory requirements;

●

the therapeutic benefits, effectiveness and safety of our product candidates;

●

the accuracy of our estimates of the size and characteristics of the markets that may be addressed by our products and product candidates;

●

the rate and degree of market acceptance and clinical utility of our future products, if any;

●

our expectations regarding market risk, including interest rate changes, foreign currency fluctuations and regional or global economic impacts caused by public health threats, such as the outbreak of coronavirus or other infectious diseases;

●

our ability to engage and retain the employees required to grow our business;

●

our future financial performance and projected expenditures;

●

developments relating to our competitors and our industry, including the success of competing therapies that are or become available; and

●

estimates of our expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and our needs for additional financing.

All forward looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among other things, those under the heading “Risk Factors” included in our annual report for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2023, and under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also contains estimates, projections and other information concerning our industry, our business, and the markets for certain medical conditions, including data regarding the estimated size of those markets, and the incidence and prevalence of certain medical conditions. Information that is based on estimates, forecasts, projections, market research or similar methodologies is inherently subject to uncertainties and actual events or circumstances may differ materially from events and circumstances reflected in this information. Unless otherwise expressly stated, we obtained this industry, business, market and other data from reports, research surveys, studies and similar data prepared by market research firms and other third parties, industry, medical and general publications, government data and similar sources.

XBiotech Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)

	September 30, 2023 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2022

Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	202,191		$	157,306
Interest bearing time deposits		-			60,172
Accrued interest receivable		881			1,216
Income tax receivable		451			548
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		879			601
Total current assets		204,402			219,843
Property and equipment, net		25,197			26,260
Total assets	$	229,599		$	246,103

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	1,468		$	2,408
Accrued expenses		3,667			1,603
Income tax payable		159			55
Total current liabilities		5,294			4,066
Long-term liabilities:
Income tax payable		1,646			1,576
Deferred tax liability		-			59
Total liabilities		6,940			5,701

Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, no shares outstanding		-			-
Common stock, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 30,436,964 and 30,439,275 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022		269,890			267,325
Accumulated other comprehensive income		440			826
Accumulated deficit		(47,671	)		(27,749	)
Total shareholders’ equity		222,659			240,402

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	229,599		$	246,103

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financials statements.

XBiotech Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
	(unaudited)			(unaudited)			(unaudited)			(unaudited)
Revenue
Manufacturing revenue	$	-		$	1,680		$	-		$	3,710
Total revenue		-			1,680			-			3,710
Cost of goods sold
Manufacturing cost		-			215			-			635
Total cost of goods sold		-			215			-			635
Gross margin		-			1,465			-			3,075

Operating expenses:
Research and development		7,547			7,014			25,044			24,227
General and administrative		973			840			3,879			5,176
Total operating expenses		8,520			7,854			28,923			29,403
Loss from operations		(8,520	)		(6,389	)		(28,923	)		(26,328	)

Other income (loss):
Interest income		2,529			1,009			7,818			1,351
Other income (expense)		-			-			880			(119	)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain		(1,065	)		(4,877	)		646			(5,867	)
Total other income (loss)		1,464			(3,868	)		9,344			(4,635	)
Loss before income taxes		(7,056	)		(10,257	)		(19,579	)		(30,963	)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(308	)		(2,401	)		(343	)		1,266
Net loss	$	(7,364	)	$	(12,658	)	$	(19,922	)	$	(29,697	)
Net loss per share—basic and diluted	$	(0.24	)	$	(0.42	)	$	(0.65	)	$	(0.98	)
Shares used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share		30,436,638			30,439,277			30,437,044			30,439,277

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financials statements.

XBiotech Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
	(unaudited)			(unaudited)			(unaudited)			(unaudited)

Net loss	$	(7,364	)	$	(12,658	)	$	(19,922	)	$	(29,697	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-			544			-			1,097
Reclassification adjustment from dissolution of Germany subsidiary		-			-			(386	)		-
Comprehensive loss	$	(7,364	)	$	(12,114	)	$	(20,308	)	$	(28,600	)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financials statements.

XBiotech Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Number of Shares		Common Stock and Additional Paid in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Accumulated Deficit			Total

Balance at June 30, 2023		30,436	$	268,930	$	440	$	(40,307	)	$	229,063
Net loss		-		-		-		(7,364	)		(7,364	)
Issuance of common stock under stock option plan		1		5		-		-			5
Share-based compensation expense		-		955		-		-			955
Balance at September 30, 2023		30,437	$	269,890	$	440	$	(47,671	)	$	222,659

	Number of Shares		Common Stock and Additional Paid in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Accumulated Deficit			Total

Balance at June 30, 2022		30,439	$	265,159	$	2,524	$	(11,888	)	$	255,795
Net loss		-		-		-		(12,658	)		(12,658	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		544		-			544
Share-based compensation expense		-		1,128		-		-			1,128
Balance at September 30, 2022		30,439	$	266,287	$	3,068	$	(24,546	)	$	244,809

	Number of Shares			Common Stock and Additional Paid in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Accumulated Deficit			Total

Balance at December 31, 2022		30,440		$	267,325		$	826		$	(27,749	)	$	240,402
Net loss		-			-			-			(19,922	)		(19,922	)
Tender offer		(4	)		(14	)		-			-			(14	)
Issuance of common stock under stock option plan		1			5			-			-			5
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-			-			(386	)		-			(386	)
Share-based compensation expense		-			2,574			-			-			2,574
Balance at September 30, 2023		30,437		$	269,890		$	440		$	(47,671	)	$	222,659

	Number of Shares		Common Stock and Additional Paid in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Accumulated Deficit			Total

Balance at December 31, 2021		30,439	$	262,263	$	1,971	$	5,151		$	269,385
Net loss		-		-		-		(29,697	)		(29,697	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		1,097		-			1,097
Share-based compensation expense		-		4,024		-		-			4,024
Balance at September 30, 2022		30,439	$	266,287	$	3,068	$	(24,546	)	$	244,809

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financials statements.

XBiotech Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022
	(unaudited)			(unaudited)
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(19,922	)	$	(29,697	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation		1,310			2,171
Foreign exchange (gain) loss		(646	)		5,867
Share-based compensation expense		2,574			4,024
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Account receivable		-			(1,530	)
Income tax receivable		97			7,777
Accrued interest receivable		335			-
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(278	)		314
Deferred tax assets		-			(772	)
Accounts payable		(940	)		(741	)
Accrued expenses		2,063			614
Income tax payable		174			314
Deferred tax liability		(59	)		(1	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(15,292	)		(11,660	)

Investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment		(247	)		(453	)
Purchase of interest bearing time deposits		-			(59,532	)
Proceeds from maturity of interest bearing time deposits		61,859			-
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		61,612			(59,985	)

Financing activities
Issuance of common stock under stock option plan		5			-
Cash paid in tender offer		(14	)		-
Net cash used in financing activities		(9	)		-
Effect of foreign exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		(1,426	)		(4,770	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		44,885			(76,415	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		157,306			236,983
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	202,191		$	160,568

Supplemental Information:
Accrued purchases of property and equipment	$	-		$	46

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

XBiotech Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1.	Organization

XBiotech Inc. (XBiotech or the Company) was incorporated in Canada on March 22, 2005. XBiotech USA, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was incorporated in Delaware, United States in November 2007. XBiotech Germany GmbH, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was incorporated in Germany in January 2014. XBiotech Germany GmbH was dissolved in February 2023. The Company’s headquarters are located in Austin, Texas.

Since its inception, XBiotech has focused on advancing technology to rapidly identify and clone antibodies from individuals that have resistance to disease. At the heart of the Company is a proprietary technical knowhow to translate natural human immunity into therapeutic product candidates. The Company has in its pipeline both anti-infective and anti-inflammatory candidate therapeutics derived from this technology.

An area of medical focus for XBiotech are therapies that block a potent substance naturally produced by body, known as interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1a), that mediates tissue breakdown, angiogenesis, the formation of blood clots and inflammation. IL-1a is a protein that is on or in cells of the body and is involved in the body’s response to injury or trauma. In almost all chronic and in some acute injury scenarios (such as stroke or heart attack), IL-1a may mediate harmful disease-related activity.

At the end of 2019, XBiotech sold a True Human™ antibody that blocked IL-1a activity for $1.35 billion in cash and potential milestone payments (the “Janssen Transaction”). On February 2, 2022, XBiotech announced an addendum to the 2019 Janssen Manufacturing Agreement. XBiotech continued to manufacture bermekimab for use by Janssen in its clinical trials through November 2022. As part of the Janssen Transaction, XBiotech maintained the right to develop new antibodies that block IL-1a and develop these therapeutics in all areas of medicine except dermatology. Moreover, all patents acquired by Janssen relating to IL-1a would be asserted for the benefit of XBiotech to protect its future IL-1a related therapies in all non-dermatological indications. Consequently, XBiotech is pursuing the development of other True Human™ antibodies targeting IL-1a for areas of medicine outside of dermatology. The Company’s True Human™ antibody discovery technology has been used to identify new IL-1a targeting product candidates and has already brought one such candidate into a clinical studies in oncology and rheumatology; and another anti-IL-1a antibody into a Phase I study in neurology. While the Company previously was focused on a single True Human™ antibody targeting IL-1a, it is now developing more than one product candidate that targets IL-1a to be used in different areas of medicine.

The Company is subject to a number of risks common to companies in clinical stage of development. Principal among these risks are the uncertainties of technological innovations, dependence on key individuals, development of the same or similar technological innovations by the Company’s competitors and protection of proprietary technology. The Company’s ability to fund its planned clinical operations, including completion of its planned trials, is expected to depend on the amount and timing of cash receipts from future collaboration or product sales and/or financing transactions. The Company believes that its cash and cash equivalents of $202.2 million at September 30, 2023, will enable the Company to achieve several major inflection points, including completion of clinical studies with lead product candidates. The Company expects to have sufficient cash through at least 12 months from the date of this report.

2.	Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were prepared by management without audit. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and changes in financial position for such periods, have been made.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The results of operations for the period ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for a full year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 contains financial information taken from the audited XBiotech Inc. consolidated financial statements as of that date.

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported values of amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue

Revenue from the Janssen Agreements

The Company recognized revenues from its Janssen Agreements as follows:

The Company entered into its clinical manufacturing and clinical trial services arrangements in connection with its sale of certain intellectual property on December 30, 2019. These contracts commenced January 1, 2020. The Company executed an addendum related to manufacturing agreement, which generated revenue through November 2022. While these agreements are not considered contracts with a customer based on the terms thereof, the Company has applied the revenue recognition guidance by analogy.

XBiotech is still in the research and development phase. The eventual output of the Company’s intended ordinary activities will be the licensing of intellectual property and/or sale of commercialized compounds for use in pharmaceutical treatment of disease, not the performance of manufacturing of development stage compounds or clinical trials for others. Although Janssen was not a customer, as these services are not the output of XBiotech’s ordinary activities, the Company evaluated the terms of the agreements and analogized to Accounting Standards Codification, Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) for clinical manufacturing and clinical trial services revenue recognition.

Under ASC 606, an entity recognizes revenue when (or as) its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606 (or for those analogized to it), the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts (including by analogy) when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the counterparty. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of or analogized to ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determine those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

Manufacturing Revenue

The Company had a Clinical Manufacturing Agreement that it accounted for by analogy to ASC 606. In 2022 the Company executed a new manufacturing agreement with a Janssen related company. The agreement generated $4.0 million in revenue through termination in November 2022.

Research and Development Costs

All research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Research and development costs include salaries and personnel-related costs, consulting fees, fees paid for contract clinical trial research services, the costs of laboratory consumables, equipment and facilities, license fees and other external costs. Costs incurred to acquire licenses for intellectual property to be used in research and development activities with no alternative future use are expensed as incurred as research and development costs.

Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the future for use in research and development activities are deferred and capitalized. The capitalized amounts are expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services are performed.

Clinical Trial Accruals

Expense accruals related to clinical trials are based on the Company’s estimates of services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with third party service providers who conduct and manage clinical trials on the Company’s behalf. The financial terms of these agreements vary from contract to contract and may result in uneven payment flows. Payments under some of these contracts depend on factors such as the successful enrollment of patients and the completion of clinical trial milestones. In accruing costs, the Company calculates the period over which services will be performed and the level of effort to be expended in each period based upon patient enrollment, clinical site activations, or information provided to the Company by its vendors on their actual costs incurred. Any estimates of the level of services performed or the costs of these services could differ from actual results.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates for the years and jurisdictions in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered. A change to the tax rates used to measure the Company’s deferred taxes is recognized in income during the period in which the new rate(s) were enacted.

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent the Company’s assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including the future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards, tax-planning strategies, taxable income in prior carryback years if permitted under tax law, and the results from prior years. If the Company determines it is more likely than not, that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized a valuation allowance is recorded with a charge to income tax expense. Alternatively, if the Company determines that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset previously not meeting the more likely than not threshold will be realized, the Company reduces its valuation allowance and recognizes a benefit in income tax expense.

The Company recognizes and measure uncertain tax benefits in accordance with ASC 740 based on a two-step process in which (1) the Company determines whether it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position, and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than fifty percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, in income tax expense.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for its share-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statements of operations based on their grant date fair values. For stock options granted to employees and to members of the board of directors for their services on the board of directors, the Company estimates the grant date fair value of each option award using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The use of the Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires management to make assumptions with respect to the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the common stock consistent with the expected life of the option, risk-free interest rates, and expected dividend yields of the common stock. To determine the fair value of its common stock, the Company uses the closing price of the Company’s common stock as reported by NASDAQ. For awards subject to service-based vesting conditions, the Company recognizes share-based compensation expense, equal to the grant date fair value of stock options, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur rather than on an estimated basis.

Share-based compensation expense recognized for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was included in the following line items on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Research and development	$	824	$	855	$	2,235	$	2,824
General and administrative		131		273		339		1,200
Total share-based compensation expense	$	955	$	1,128	$	2,574	$	4,024

The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes method with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Dividend yield		-			-			-			-
Expected volatility		80%-81	%		83	%		80%-82	%		82%-83	%
Risk-free interest rate		3.9%-4.6	%		2.9%-3.3	%		3.3%-4.6	%		1.5%-3.5	%
Expected life (in years)		6.25			6.25			5.38-6.25			5.38-6.25
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share		3.62			3.71			2.89			4.93

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily of cash on deposit in U.S., German and Canadian bank accounts. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost which approximates fair value.

Interest Bearing Time Deposit

The Company held guaranteed investment certificates with a financial institution. The guaranteed investment certificates had a 12 month term at origination with interest payable at maturity. The Company obtained both the principal amount and accrued interest in July 2023 upon maturity.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company holds these investments in highly-rated financial institutions, and limits the amounts of credit exposure to any one financial institution. These amounts at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any credit losses in such accounts and does not believe it is exposed to any significant credit risk on these funds. The Company has no off-balance sheet concentrations of credit risk, such as foreign currency exchange contracts, option contracts or other hedging arrangements.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, which consists of land, construction in process, furniture and fixtures, computers and office equipment, scientific equipment, vehicles and building are stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, with the exception of land and construction in process which are not depreciated, using the straight line method. The useful lives are as follows:


• Furniture and fixtures	7 years

• Office equipment	5 years

• Scientific equipment	5 years

• Vehicles	5 years

• Mobile facility	27.5 years

• Building	39 years

Costs of major additions and betterments are capitalized; maintenance and repairs, which do not improve or extend the life of the respective assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of the disposed asset and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is recognized.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically evaluates its long-lived assets for potential impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. Potential impairment is assessed when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recovered. Recoverability of these assets is assessed based on undiscounted expected future cash flows from the assets, considering a number of factors, including past operating results, budgets and economic projections, market trends and product development cycles. If impairments are identified, assets are written down to their estimated fair value. The Company has not recognized any impairment during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Foreign Currency Transactions

Certain transactions are denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency of the U.S. dollar, and the Company generates assets and liabilities that are fixed in terms of the amount of foreign currency that will be received or paid. At each balance sheet date, the Company adjusts the assets and liabilities to reflect the current exchange rate, resulting in a translation gain or loss. Transaction gains and losses are also realized upon a settlement of a foreign currency transaction in determining net loss for the period in which the transaction is settled.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income, requires that all components of comprehensive income (loss), including net income (loss), be reported in the financial statements in the period in which they are recognized. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, including unrealized gains and losses on investments and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Segment and Geographic Information

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company and the chief operating decision maker view the Company’s operations and manage its business as one operating segment. Substantially all of the Company’s operations are in the U.S. geographic segment.

Net Loss Per Share

Net income/loss per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income/loss by the weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents outstanding (if dilutive) during each period. The Company does not include the potential impact of dilutive securities in diluted net loss per share, as the impact of these items is anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, 812,932 and 556,767 stock options, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share.

Subsequent Events

The Company considered events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date but prior to the date the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued for potential recognition or disclosure in its consolidated financial statements. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date of filing this Form 10-Q.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU requires instruments measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Entities are also required to record allowances for available-for-sale debt securities rather than reduce the carrying amount. On November 15, 2019, the FASB delayed the effective date of the standard for certain small public companies and other private companies. As amended, the effective date of ASC Topic 326 was delayed until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for SEC filers that are eligible to be smaller reporting companies under the SEC’s definition, as well as private companies and not-for-profit entities. The adoption of ASC Topic 326 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3.	Revenue

On February 2, 2022, the Company announced an addendum to the 2019 Janssen Manufacturing Agreement XBiotech continued to manufacture bermekimab for use by Janssen in its clinical trials through November 2022. For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded $1.7 million and $3.7 million of revenues, respectively under the February 2022 agreement. The agreement was terminated in November 2022.

4.	Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Manufacturing equipment	$	2,324	$	2,716
Winnebago building		20,676		21,143
Other fixed assets		2,197		2,401
Total property and equipment	$	25,197	$	26,260

5.	Common Stock

Pursuant to its Articles, the Company has an unlimited number of shares available for issuance with no par value.

On May 17, 2023, XBiotech announced that it had commenced a “modified Dutch auction” tender offer to purchase up to $80.0 million of its common shares, or such lesser number of common shares as are properly tendered and not properly withdrawn, at a price not less than $3.80 nor greater than $4.00 per common share, to the seller in cash. The tender offer expired on June 15, 2023.

On June 20, 2023, the Company announced the final results of its “modified Dutch Auction” tender offer. The Company accepted for purchase 3,561 shares of its common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share, for an aggregate cost of approximately $14 thousand, excluding fees and expenses related to the tender offer. These shares represented an immaterial percent of the shares outstanding. These share repurchases were retired and have been classified to reduce common stock in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023.

In September 2023, 1,250 shares of common stock were issued upon the exercise of stock options at a price of $3.84 per share for total proceeds of $4,800.

6.	Common Stock Options

On November 11, 2005, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the XBiotech Inc. 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan (the “2005 Plan”), and on March 24, 2015, the board of directors of the Company adopted the XBiotech Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2015 Plan”) pursuant to which the Company may grant incentive stock and non-qualified stock options to directors, officers, employees or consultants of the Company or an affiliate or other persons as the Compensation Committee may approve.

All options under both Plans will be non-transferable and may be exercised only by the participant, or in the event of the death of the participant, a legal representative until the earlier of the options’ expiry date or the first anniversary of the participant’s death, or such other date as may be specified by the Compensation Committee.

The term of the options is at the discretion of the Compensation Committee, but may not exceed 10 years from the grant date. The options expire on the earlier of the expiration date or the date three months following the day on which the participant ceases to be an officer or employee of or consultant to the Company, or in the event of the termination of the participant with cause, the date of such termination. Options held by non-employee Directors have an exercise period coterminous with the term of the options.

The number of common shares reserved for issuance to any one person pursuant to the 2005 Plan shall not, in aggregate, exceed 5% of the total number of outstanding common shares. The exercise price per common share under each option will be the fair market value of such shares at the time of the grant. Upon stock option exercise, the Company issues new shares of common stock.

A summary of changes in common stock options issued under the 2005 Plan and under the 2015 Plan is as follows:

	Options			Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding at December 31, 2022		4,558,902		$2.71-$21.74		$	10.47
Granted		809,600			3.38-6.04		4.12
Exercised		(1,250	)		3.84		3.84
Forfeitures		(308,109	)		3.84-19.09		10.73
Options outstanding at September 30, 2023		5,059,143		$2.71-$21.74		$	9.44

	Options			Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding at December 31, 2021		4,656,677		$2.71-$21.74		$	10.68
Granted		151,600			4.06-11.50		7.10
Exercised		-			-		-
Forfeitures		(137,650	)		3.27-21.74		13.46
Options outstanding at September 30, 2022		4,670,627		$2.71-$21.74		$	10.48

As of September 30, 2023, there was approximately $2.1 million of unrecognized compensation cost, related to stock options granted under the Plans which will be amortized to stock compensation expense over the next 1.16 years.

7. Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, were -4.4% and -23.4%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three month periods ended September 30, 2023 varied from the Canadian statutory rate primarily due to non-deductible compensation and losses in jurisdictions for which a valuation allowance is recorded. The effective tax rate for the three month period ended September 30, 2022 varied from the Canadian statutory rate primarily due to losses in jurisdictions for which a valuation allowance is recorded and no benefit is recognized and a shift in income between jurisdictions related to certain transfer pricing adjustments, which impacted the projected benefit associated with available loss carrybacks.

The Company's effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, were -1.8% and 4.1%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 varied from the Canadian statutory rate primarily due to non-deductible compensation and losses in jurisdictions for which a valuation allowance is recorded. The effective tax rate for the nine month period ended September 30, 2022 varied from the Canadian statutory rate primarily due to losses in jurisdictions for which a valuation allowance is recorded and no benefit is recognized and a shift in income between jurisdictions related to certain transfer pricing adjustments, which impacted the projected benefit associated with available loss carrybacks.

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

XBiotech Inc. (“XBiotech” or the “Company”) is a pre-market biopharmaceutical company engaged in discovering and developing True Human™ monoclonal antibodies for treating a variety of diseases. True Human™ monoclonal antibodies are those which occur naturally in human beings—as opposed to being derived from animal immunization or otherwise engineered. We believe that naturally occurring monoclonal antibodies have the potential to be safer and more effective than their non-naturally occurring counterparts. XBiotech is focused on developing its True Human™ pipeline and manufacturing system.

Following the Janssen Transaction in December 2019, the tender offer in February 2020, and the dividends paid in July 2021, the accumulated deficit as of September 30, 2023 was ($47.7) million. We had net losses before income tax of $7.1 million and $19.6 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to $10.3 million and $31.0 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. During the next year, we don’t expect any revenues. In addition, we expect to incur significant and increasing operating losses for the foreseeable future as we advance our drug candidates from discovery through preclinical testing and clinical. In addition to these increasing research and development expenses, we expect general and administrative costs to increase, particularly in consideration of current inflationary trends. We will need to generate significant revenues to achieve or sustain profitability, and we may never do so. As of September 30, 2023, we had 85 employees.

Revenues

Prior to receiving payments under the clinical manufacturing agreement entered into in connection with the Janssen Transaction, we had not generated any revenue. Under the clinical manufacturing agreement, we manufactured bermekimab for use by Janssen in clinical trials, in exchange for fixed payments, paid in quarterly installments through 2021. In Febuary 2022, we entered a new manufacturing contract with a Janssen-related company whereby we continued to manufacture bermekimab through November 2022. The contract terminated in November 2022. Our ability to generate any additional revenue and/or to become profitable (or sustain any profitability) depends on our ability to successfully commercialize any product candidates we may advance in the future.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expense consists of expenses incurred in connection with identifying and developing our drug candidates. These expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, stock-based compensation, the purchase of equipment, laboratory and manufacturing supplies, facility costs, costs for preclinical and clinical research, development of quality control systems, quality assurance programs, and manufacturing processes. We charge all research and development expenses to operations as incurred.

The clinical development costs may further increase going forward with potentially more advanced studies in the future as we evaluate our clinical data and pipeline.

Clinical development timelines, likelihood of success, and total costs vary widely. We do not currently track our internal research and development costs or our personnel and related costs on an individual drug candidate basis. We use our research and development resources, including employees and our drug discovery technology, across multiple drug development programs. As a result, we cannot state precisely the costs incurred for each of our research and development programs or our clinical and preclinical drug candidates. From inception through September 30, 2023, we have recorded total research and development expenses, including share-based compensation, of $304.1 million. Our total research and development expenses for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $7.5 million and $25.0 million, respectively, compared to $7.0 million and $24.2 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Share-based compensation related to research and development was $0.8 million and $2.2 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to $0.9 million and $2.8 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

Research and development expenses, as a percentage of total operating expenses for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were 89% and 87%, respectively, compared to 89% and 82% for the three months and nine months ended Septmber 30, 2022, respectively. The percentages of research and development expenses compared to total operating expenses, excluding share-based compensation, for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were 89% and 87%, respectively, compared to 92% and 84% for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

We will select drug candidates and research projects for further development on an ongoing basis in response to their preclinical and clinical success and commercial potential. For research and development candidates in early stages of development, it is premature to estimate when material net cash inflows from these projects might occur.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expense consists primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel in administrative, finance, business development, and human resource functions, as well as the legal costs of pursuing patent protection of our intellectual property and patent filing, maintenance expenses, share–based compensation, and professional fees for legal services. Our total general and administration expenses for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $1.0 million and $3.9 million, respectively, compared to $0.8 million and $5.2 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Share-based compensation accounted for $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.3 million and $1.2 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, related to general and administrative expenses.

General and administrative expenses, as a percentage of total operating expenses for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were 11% and 13%, respectively, compared to 11% and 18% for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The percentages of general and administrative expense compares to total operating expenses, excluding share-based compensation, for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were 11% and 13%, respectively, compared to 8% and 16% for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (US GAAP). The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and expenses incurred during the reported periods.

We base estimates on our historical experience, known trends and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in the notes to our financial statements appearing in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. We record deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, as well as for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which we expect to recover or settle those temporary differences. We recognize the effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. We assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be realized, and we recognize a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. This assessment requires judgment as to the likelihood and amounts of future taxable income by tax jurisdiction. To date, we have provided a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets as we believe the objective and verifiable evidence of our historical pretax net losses outweighs any positive evidence of our forecasted future results. Although we believe that our tax estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax determination involves significant judgment. We will continue to monitor the positive and negative evidence and will adjust the valuation allowance as sufficient objective positive evidence becomes available.

We account for uncertain tax positions by recognizing the financial statement effects of a tax position only when, based upon technical merits, it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination. We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax positions within our global operations in income tax expense.

Results of Operations

Revenue

Revenue during the three months ended and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue
Manufacturing revenue	$	-	$	1,680	$	-	$	3,710
Total revenue	$	-	$	1,680	$	-	$	3,710

Under the clinical manufacturing agreement with Janssen and the addendum, we recorded $1.7 million as manufacturing revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022. No revenue was recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2023.

We recorded $3.7 million manufacturing revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. No revenue was recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The three months and nine months decrease was due to the completion of the Janssen Transaction Addendum which was signed in February 2022 and completed in November 2022.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of goods sold
Manufacturing cost	$	-	$	215	$	-	$	635
Total cost of goods sold	$	-	$	215	$	-	$	635

The manufacturing cost for the three months ended September 30, 2022 represents cost for the manufacuring department under the February 2022 agreement. There were no cost of goods sold incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2023.

We recorded $0.6 million in manufacturing cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. There were no cost of goods sold incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The three months and nine months decrease was due to the completion of the Janssen Transaction Addendum signed in February 2022.

Expenses

Research and Development

Research and Development costs are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Increase			% Increase
	2023		2022		(Decrease)			(Decrease)
Salaries and related expenses	$	2,429	$	2,086	$	343			16	%
Laboratory and manufacturing supplies		712		1,817		(1,105	)		-61	%
Clinical trials and sponsored research		1,595		349		1,246			357	%
Share-based compensation		824		855		(31	)		-4	%
Other		1,987		1,907		80			4	%
Total	$	7,547	$	7,014	$	533			8	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Increase			% Increase
	2023		2022		(Decrease)			(Decrease)
Salaries and related expenses	$	10,977	$	8,541	$	2,436			29	%
Laboratory and manufacturing supplies		2,818		6,096		(3,278	)		-54	%
Clinical trials and sponsored research		3,147		1,234		1,913			155	%
Share-based compensation		2,235		2,824		(589	)		-21	%
Other		5,867		5,532		335			6	%
Total	$	25,044	$	24,227	$	817			3	%

We do not currently track our research and development costs or our personnel and related costs on an individual drug candidate basis. We use our research and development resources, including employees and our drug discovery technology, across multiple drug development programs. As a result, we cannot state precisely the costs incurred for each of our research and development programs or our clinical and preclinical drug candidates.

Research and development expenses increased $0.5 million to $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $7.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The rise was mainly due to the increase in the clinical trial activities, related to the new study being initiated in the second quarter of 2023. The laboratory and manufacturing supplies expenses decreased, which was primarily caused by a reduction in raw material purchasing for clinical trial drug manufacturing.

Research and development expenses increased $0.8 million to $25.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $24.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase of salaries and related expenses was mainly due to the $4.5 million bonus to the Chief Executive Officer in June 2023 compared to the $3.8 million bonus in June 2022, in which 85% was allocated to research and development expenses in 2023 compared to 60% in 2022. Clinical trials and sponsored research expense increased because of the new study being initiated in the second quarter of 2023. In addition, the decrease of laboratory and manufacturing supplies was primary caused by a reduction in raw material purchasing for clinical trial drug manufacturing.

General and Administrative

General and administrative costs are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Increase			% Increase
	2023		2022		(Decrease)			(Decrease)
Salaries and related expenses	$	138	$	260	$	(122	)		-47	%
Patent filing expense		127		112		15			13	%
Share-based compensation		131		273		(142	)		-52	%
Professional fees		410		123		287			233	%
Other		167		72		95			132	%
Total	$	973	$	840	$	133			16	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Increase			% Increase
	2023		2022		(Decrease)			(Decrease)
Salaries and related expenses	$	1,136	$	2,259	$	(1,123	)		-50	%
Patent filing expense		524		399		125			31	%
Share-based compensation		339		1,200		(861	)		-72	%
Professional fees		1,171		642		529			82	%
Other		709		676		33			5	%
Total	$	3,879	$	5,176	$	(1,297	)		-25	%

General and administrative expenses increased $0.1 million to $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. General and administrative expenses decreased $1.3 million to $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $5.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

The three months increase was primarily due to the increase of professional fees, related to the stock service and the tax service. The decrease in shared-based compensation was mainly caused by a decline in the grant date fair value of awards being amortized during the respective periods.

Compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the general and administrative expense decrease in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily driven by the decrease in salaries and related expenses. The bonus to the Chief Executive Officer in June 2023 was $4.5 million compared to the $3.8 million bonus in June 2022, in which 15% was allocated to general and administrative expenses in 2023 compared to 40% in 2022. Share-based compensation decreased $0.9 million mainly due to the termination of VP of Finance and HR in February 2023, which resulted in the forfeiture of unvested awards, and the stock option expense per share of new grants decreased compared to the expense of fully amortized grants. In addition, professional fees increased $0.5 million mainly caused by the service fees related to tender offer in June 2023.

Other income (loss)

The following table summarizes other income (loss) (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023		2022
Interest income	$	2,529		$	1,009		$	7,818	$	1,351
Other income (loss)		-			-			880		(119	)
Foreign exchange gain loss		(1,065	)		(4,877	)		646		(5,867	)
Total	$	1,464		$	(3,868	)	$	9,344	$	(4,635	)

The interest income for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was mainly generated was from the Company’s Canadian bank account and interest bearing time deposits. The other income during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily from American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC in accordance with the terms outlined in the settlement agreement. Foreign exchange gain (loss) was due to the fluctuation between the US dollar and the Canadian dollar in the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our cash requirements could change materially as a result of the progress of our research and development and clinical programs, licensing activities, acquisitions, divestitures, or other corporate developments.

Since our inception on March 22, 2005 through September 30, 2023, we have funded our operations principally through private placements and public offerings of equity securities, which have provided aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $118.2 million. We received $675 million in cash proceeds from the Janssen Transaction in the year ended December 31, 2019. In June 2021, we received the remaining $75 million in cash from the escrow receivable from the same transaction. In July 2021, we paid $75 million in dividends to shareholders. In July 2022, we purchased interest bearing time deposits in the amount of $59.5 million for a one year term, and upon maturity in July 2023, both the principal amount and the accured interest were returned. At September 30, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $202.2 million as compared to cash and cash equivalents of $160.6 million at September 30, 2022. The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
Net cash (used in) provided by:	2023			2022
Operating activities	$	(15,292	)	$	(11,660	)
Investing activities		61,612			(59,985	)
Financing activities		(9	)		-
Effect of foreign exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		(1,426	)		(4,770	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	44,885		$	(76,415	)

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our operating activities used net cash of $15.3 million and $11.7 million, respectively. The use of net cash in each of these periods primarily resulted from our net losses. The change in the cash from operation was mainly due to the decrease in income tax receivable.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our investing activities generated net cash of $61.6 million and used net cash of $60.0 million, respectively. In July 2022, we purchased interest bearing time deposits in the amount of $59.5 million. Upon maturity in July 2023, we obtained both the principal amount and the accured interest.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our financing activities used net cash of $9 thousand. We purchased 3,561 shares of our common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share, for an aggregate cost of approximately $14 thousand. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, employees exercised stock options to purchase 1250 shares of our common stock for approximately $5 thousand in net proceeds.

We expect to continue to incur operating losses in the future. We do not expect to receive any additional revenue under the clinical manufacturing agreement with Janssen. Further, we may not receive any product revenue until a drug candidate has been approved by the FDA, EMA or similar regulatory agencies in other countries and successfully commercialized. As of September 30, 2023, our principal sources of liquidity were our cash and cash equivalents, which totaled approximately $202.2 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Since inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet activities, including the use of structured finance, special purpose entities or variable interest entities.

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risks

The Company is not currently exposed to material market risk arising from financial instruments, changes in interest rates or commodity prices, or fluctuations in foreign currencies. The Company has no need to hedge against any of the foregoing risks and therefore currently engages in no hedging activities.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

Management's Evaluation of our Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, an evaluation was carried out by the Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files or furnishes under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations, and are operating in an effective manner.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Please carefully consider the information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the risk factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as other risks and uncertainties, could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, which in turn could materially and adversely affect the trading price of shares of our Common Stock. Additional risks not currently known or currently material to us may also harm our business.

Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not Applicable.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

Not Applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Not Applicable.

Item 6. Exhibits.


31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

32.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

101	The following financial statements from the XBiotech Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, formatted in Inline Extensive Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) condensed consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, (ii) condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, (iii) condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, (iv) ) condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022; (v) condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 and (vi) notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (detail tagged).

104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the iXBRL document).

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


Date: November 9, 2023	XBIOTECH INC.

	By:	/S/ John Simard
		John Simard
		President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 9, 2023	By:	/S/ Angela Hu
		Angela Hu
		Director of Finance (Principal Financial Officer)

SEC Form 10-Q filed by XBiotech Inc.