UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025.

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission File Number 001-13341

Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		94-3171940
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

10 East 53^rd St., Suite 3001 New York, New York		10022
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(650) 244-4990

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001		TTNP		Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class		Outstanding at August 11, 2025
Common Stock, par value $0.001		1,330,234

Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Index to Form 10-Q

Part I. Financial Information

	Item 1.	Financial Statements	1

		Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024	1

		Condensed Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)	2

		Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)	3

		Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)	4

		Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (unaudited)	5

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14

	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	19

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	19

Part II. Other Information

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	21

	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	21

	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	22

	Item 5.	Other Information	23

	Item 6.	Exhibits	24

SIGNATURE			25

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)


	June 30,			December 31,
	2025			2024
	(unaudited)			(Note 1)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash	$	2,803		$	2,831
Related party receivable		143			62
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		105			30
Total current assets		3,051			2,923
Total assets	$	3,051		$	2,923

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	219		$	202
Other accrued liabilities		44			281
Total current liabilities		263			483
Total liabilities		263			483

Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, at amounts paid in, $0.001 par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized, 890,345 and 950,000 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.		1			1
Common stock, at amounts paid in, $0.001 par value per share; 225,000,000 shares authorized, 1,330,234 and 914,234 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		400,574			398,974
Accumulated deficit		(397,788	)		(396,536	)
Total stockholders’ equity		2,788			2,440
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,051		$	2,923

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amount)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Operating expenses:
General and administrative	$	657		$	2,074		$	1,190		$	3,137
Total operating expenses		657			2,074			1,190			3,137
Loss from operations		(657	)		(2,074	)		(1,190	)		(3,137	)
Other income (expense):
Interest income		-			-			-			1
Other expense		(32	)		(19	)		(62	)		(17	)
Other expense, net		(32	)		(19	)		(62	)		(16	)
Net loss	$	(689	)	$	(2,093	)	$	(1,252	)	$	(3,153	)

Basic and diluted net loss per common share	$	(0.65	)	$	(2.29	)	$	(1.26	)	$	(3.57	)
Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per common share		1,065			914			990			884

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands of U.S. dollars and share amounts)

(unaudited)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025


										Additional					Total
	Preferred Stock					Common Stock				Paid-In		Accumulated			Stockholders’
	Shares			Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Equity
Balances at December 31, 2024		950		$	1		914	$	1	$	398,974	$	(396,536	)	$	2,440
Net loss		-			-		-		-		-		(563	)		(563	)
Balances at March 31, 2025		950		$	1		914	$	1	$	398,974	$	(397,099	)	$	1,877
Net loss		-			-		-		-		-		(689	)		(689	)
Issuance of preferred stock		160			-		-		-		1,600		-			1,600
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock		(220	)		-		416		-		-		-			-
Balances at June 30, 2025		890		$	1		1,330	$	1	$	400,574	$	(397,788	)	$	2,788

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024

									Additional					Total
	Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Paid-In		Accumulated			Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Equity
Balances at December 31, 2023		950	$	1		782	$	1	$	398,470	$	(391,830	)	$	6,642
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-		(1,060	)		(1,060	)
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of note payable		-		-		54		-		504		-			504
Fractional shares issued due to reverse stock split		-		-		78		-		1		-			1
Balances at March 31, 2024		950	$	1		914	$	1	$	398,975	$	(392,890	)	$	6,087
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-		(2,093	)		(2,093	)
Balances at June 30, 2024		950	$	1		914	$	1	$	398,975	$	(394,983	)	$	3,994

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars)

(unaudited)


	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2025			2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(1,252	)	$	(3,153	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		-			5
Other		-			(2	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Notes receivable		-			1,000
Receivables		-			8
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(75	)		(21	)
Accounts payable		16			8
Deferred grant revenue		-			(12	)
Other accrued liabilities		(236	)		(514	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(1,547	)		(2,681	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on behalf of related party		(81	)		-
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock		1,600			-
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,519			-

Net decrease in cash		(28	)		(2,681	)
Cash at beginning of period		2,831			6,773
Cash at end of period	$	2,803		$	4,092

Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	-		$	13
Supplemental non-cash flow information:
Note payable to related party converted to common stock	$	-		$	500
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock	$	2,196			-
Accrued interest net of tax converted to common stock	$	-		$	5
Disposal of fully depreciated property and equipment	$	-		$	711

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The Company

Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Titan” or the “Company” or “we,” “our” or “us”) is a pharmaceutical company that was previously developing therapeutics utilizing the proprietary long-term drug delivery platform, ProNeura^®, for the treatment of select chronic diseases for which steady state delivery of a drug has the potential to provide an efficacy and/or safety benefit. ProNeura consists of a small, solid implant made from a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate and a drug substance. The resulting product is a solid matrix that is designed to be administered subdermally in a brief, outpatient procedure and is removed in a similar manner at the end of the treatment period.

Our first product based on the ProNeura technology was Probuphine^® (buprenorphine implant), which is approved in the United States, Canada and the European Union (“EU”) for the maintenance treatment of opioid use disorder in clinically stable patients taking 8 milligrams or less a day of oral buprenorphine. While Probuphine continues to be commercialized in the EU (as Sixmo™) by another company that had acquired the rights from us, we discontinued commercialization of the product in the United States during the fourth quarter of 2020 and subsequently sold the product in September 2023. Discontinuation of our commercial operations allowed us to focus our limited resources on product development programs and transition back to a product development company at that time.

In December 2021, we announced our intention to work with our financial advisor to explore strategic alternatives to enhance stockholder value, potentially including an acquisition, merger, reverse merger, other business combination, sales of assets, licensing, or other transaction. In June 2022, we implemented a plan to reduce expenses and conserve capital that included a company-wide reduction in salaries and a scale back of certain operating expenses to enable us to maintain sufficient resources as we pursued potential strategic alternatives. In July 2022, David Lazar and Activist Investing LLC acquired an approximately 25% ownership interest in Titan, filed a proxy statement and nominated six additional directors, each of whom was elected to our board of directors (the “Board”) at a special meeting of stockholders held on August 15, 2022 (the “Special Meeting”). The exploration and evaluation of possible strategic alternatives by the Board has continued following the Special Meeting. Following the election of the new directors at the Special Meeting, Dr. Marc Rubin was replaced as our Executive Chairman, and David Lazar assumed the role of Chief Executive Officer. In connection with the termination of his employment as Executive Chairman, Dr. Rubin received aggregate severance payments of approximately $0.4 million. In December 2022, we implemented additional cost reduction measures including a reduction in our workforce. In June 2023, David Lazar sold his approximately 25% ownership interest in Titan to Choong Choon Hau. Mr. Lazar resigned his position as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer in April 2024. Our then Chairman of the Board of Directors, Seow Gim Shen, assumed the position as our Chief Executive Officer in April 2024.

On September 1, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), we closed on the sale of certain ProNeura assets, including our portfolio of drug addiction products, in addition to other early development programs based on the ProNeura drug delivery technology (the “ProNeura Assets”). In July 2023, we entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) with Fedson, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Fedson”), for the sale of the ProNeura Assets. Our addiction portfolio consisted of the Probuphine and Nalmefene implant programs. The ProNeura Assets constituted only a portion of our assets. In August 2023, we entered into an Amendment and Extension Agreement (the “Amendment”) to the Asset Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which Fedson agreed to purchase our ProNeura Assets for a purchase price of $2.0 million, consisting of (i) $500,000 in readily available funds, paid in full on the Closing Date, (ii) $500,000 in the form of a promissory note due and payable on October 1, 2023 (the “Cash Note”) and (iii) $1,000,000 in the form of a promissory note due and payable on January 1, 2024 (the “Escrow Note”). We will also be eligible to receive potential milestone payments of up to $50 million on future net sales of the products and certain royalties on future net sales of the products. As further consideration, Fedson assumed all liabilities related to a pending employment claim against us. On the Closing Date, Fedson delivered a written guaranty by a principal of Fedson of all of Fedson’s obligations under both the Cash Note and Escrow Note. The Cash Note included provisions, which Fedson has exercised, allowing Fedson to extend the payment of the Cash Note to November 1, 2023, and again to December 1, 2023 upon payment of $5,000 for each extension. The Cash Note and Escrow Note were paid in December 2023 and January 2024, respectively. We received the funds from the escrow account in February 2024.

On September 13, 2023, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Sire Purchase Agreement”) with The Sire Group Ltd. (“Sire”), pursuant to which we issued 950,000 shares of Series AA Preferred Stock to Sire at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $9,500,000. The purchase price consists of (i) $5 million in cash at closing and (ii) $4.5 million in the form of a promissory note from Sire, personally guaranteed by a principal of Sire, due and payable on September 23, 2023, which was fully repaid on that date. The terms, rights, obligations and preferences of the Series AA Preferred Stock are set forth in a Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series AA Preferred Stock of Titan (the “Certificate of Designations”), filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on September 13, 2023. Pursuant to the Sire Purchase Agreement, David Lazar and Peter Chasey submitted their resignations from our Board of Directors. On October 12, 2023, Brynner Chiam and Seow Gim Shen were elected to our Board of Directors, and Seow Gim Shen was appointed as Chairman.

In April 2024, David Lazar, our Chief Executive Officer, Kate Beebe DeVarney, Ph.D., our President and Chief Operating Officer and a member of our Board of Directors, and three other members of our Board of Directors, Eric Greenberg, Matthew C. McMurdo and David Natan, resigned their positions with the Company. Pursuant to the terms of their respective settlement agreements, we made payments in aggregate of approximately $1.2 million. The Board of Directors subsequently appointed Firdauz Edmin Bin Mokhtar and Francisco Osvaldo Flores García as independent directors of the Company to fill two of the vacancies created by the resignations. In addition, Seow Gim Shen was appointed as Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer and continued to serve as the Company’s Chairman of the Board, which he had done since October 12, 2023.

On August 19, 2024, we entered into a Merger and Contribution and Share Exchange Agreement (the “Merger Agreement”) regarding a business combination with TalenTec Sdn. Bhd. (formerly known as KE Sdn. Bhd.) (“TalenTec”). The Merger Agreement was approved by our Board of Directors. If the Merger Agreement is approved by our stockholders and the stockholders of TalenTec (and the other closing conditions are satisfied or waived in accordance with the Merger Agreement), and upon consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Merger Closing”), the Company will be combined with TalenTec in a “reverse merger” transaction consisting of two steps:

	1.	TTNP Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Black Titan Corporation (formerly known as BSKE Ltd.) (“Black Titan”), a Cayman Islands exempted company, will merge with and into Titan (the “Merger”); the separate existence of Merger Sub will cease; and Titan will be the surviving corporation of the Merger and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Black Titan.

	2.	Within five business days after the proxy statement/prospectus relating to the proposed transaction becomes effective, shareholders of TalenTec may elect to enter into a share exchange agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Titan and Black Titan, pursuant to which, immediately following the Merger, each TalenTec shareholder entering into the Share Exchange Agreement will contribute and exchange all of his TalenTec shares in exchange for ordinary shares of Black Titan. The Company may terminate the Merger Agreement if fewer than all TalenTec shareholders enter into the Share Exchange Agreement within the specified period.

Seow Gim Shen, who served as our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, was previously the holder of 47.4% of the outstanding shares of TalenTec. In addition, Mr. Seow was previously the sole stockholder of Sire which is the holder of Series AA Preferred Stock. Mr. Seow subsequently sold all of his TalenTec shares to Danny Vincent Dass and sold all of his Sire shares to Jeffrey Chung. Upon completion of the Merger, the existing security holders of TalenTec and Titan (excluding Sire and current Titan directors and officers) expect to own approximately 79.89% and 20.11%, respectively, of the outstanding shares of the combined company. Such ownership percentages could be subject to proportional dilution for any required financing in connection with the Merger Closing.

Completion of the Merger is subject to the approval of the Merger by our stockholders and the issuance of shares related to the Merger, approval of the listing by Nasdaq of Black Titan on the Nasdaq Capital Market, post-Merger, and satisfaction or waiver of other customary conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the proposed Merger will be consummated. The Company has been working diligently with TalenTec and Black Titan to prepare a joint proxy statement/prospectus in respect of the Merger, which was initially filed by Black Titan confidentially with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on October 2, 2024. Subsequent amendment filings were made on February 13, 2025 and April 24, 2025 for purposes of addressing comments received from the SEC. The parties publicly filed an amended joint proxy/registration statement on June 2, 2025 (the “Form F-4”). On July 21, 2025, the SEC declared the Form F-4 effective. Subsequently, on July 22, 2025, we filed a definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A in respect of a special meeting of our stockholders, scheduled to be conducted on August 26, 2025 at 9:00 a.m. for purposes of approving the Merger.

On October 24, 2024, Seow Gim Shen notified our Board of Directors of his decision to resign as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of the Company for personal reasons and not as a result of any disagreement with our Board or management on any matter relating to our operations, policies or practices. We anticipate that the resignation of Mr. Seow will not impact the Merger Closing with TalenTec.

On November 6, 2024, our Board of Directors appointed Brynner Chiam, a director of the Company, as acting principal executive officer and acting principal financial officer of the Company. Mr. Chiam continued to serve on our Board of Directors while he concurrently served as acting principal executive officer and acting principal financial officer. At that time, the Company also launched a search to identify a full-time chief executive officer. Mr. Chiam has not received and will not receive any additional compensation in connection with his service as acting principal executive officer and acting principal financial officer and has not entered into an employment agreement in connection with his service in those roles.

On December 2, 2024, our Board of Directors appointed Mr. Chay Weei Jye as Chief Executive Officer, effective December 2, 2024. On March 20, 2025, we entered into an Employment Agreement with Chay Weei Jye, our Chief Executive Officer (the “Chay Agreement”), pursuant to which Mr. Chay will continue to serve as our Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to the terms of the Chay Agreement, Mr. Chay will be paid a base salary of $60,000 per year and will participate in the Company’s equity incentive plan. Mr. Chay will be eligible to receive an annual bonus, with a target of fifty percent (50%) of his base salary.

On March 27, 2025, our Board appointed Gabriel Loh as an independent director of the Company. The Board determined that Mr. Loh is “independent” as defined under the relevant rules of the SEC and The Nasdaq Stock Market and appointed him to serve as a member of the Audit Committee.

On March 26, 2025, we received a notice (the “Notice”) from the Listing Qualifications staff of Nasdaq notifying the Company that our stockholders’ equity as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2024 (“2024 10-K”) did not satisfy the stockholders’ equity continued listing requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) for the Nasdaq Capital Market, which requires that a listed company’s stockholders’ equity be at least $2,500,000 (the “Equity Rule”). In our 2024 10-K, we reported stockholders’ equity of $2,440,000, and, as a result, did not satisfy the Equity Rule.

The Notice had no immediate effect on our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In accordance with Nasdaq rules, the Company has 45 calendar days from the date of the Notice to submit a plan to regain compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1). We intend to submit a compliance plan within 45 days of the date of the Notice and will evaluate available options to resolve the deficiency and regain compliance. If our compliance plan is accepted, we may be granted up to 180 calendar days from March 26, 2025 to evidence compliance. As a result of the completion of our private placement transaction with Blue Harbour Asset Management L.L.C-FZ (“Blue Harbour”) on April 11, 2025, pursuant to which we issued 100,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to Blue Harbour at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000, the Company believes it has stockholders’ equity of at least $2.5 million.

The Company awaits Nasdaq’s formal confirmation that it has evidenced compliance with the Equity Rule. Furthermore, if deemed compliant, Nasdaq will continue to monitor the Company to ensure its ongoing compliance with the Equity Rule and, if at the time of filing of the Company’s next periodic financial statements that covers the period following the closing of the private placements, the Company does not evidence compliance with the Equity Rule, the Company may be subject to delisting from Nasdaq. See Note 9. Subsequent Events.

As previously disclosed, on January 3, 2025, we received a notice from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Staff that we were in noncompliance with Listing Rule 5620 as a result of our failure to hold an annual shareholder meeting within twelve months of the December 31, 2023 fiscal year end. The Company has since submitted a plan to regain compliance. We conducted our 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 16, 2025. On June 20, 2025, we received a notice from Nasdaq that we had regained compliance with the annual meeting requirement for continued listing on Nasdaq set forth in Listing Rule 5620.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statement presentation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025, or any future interim periods.

The balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 is derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our 2024 10-K.

The accompanying condensed financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern.

As of June 30, 2025, we had cash of approximately $2.8 million, which we believe is sufficient to fund our planned operations through the second quarter of 2026. We are exploring several financing and strategic alternatives; however, there can be no assurance that our efforts will be successful.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Going Concern Assessment

We assess going concern uncertainty in our financial statements to determine if we have sufficient cash on hand and working capital, including available borrowings on loans, to operate for a period of at least one year from the date the financial statements are issued or available to be issued, which is referred to as the look-forward period as defined by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU No. 2014-15”). As part of this assessment, based on conditions that are known and reasonably knowable to us, we will consider various scenarios, forecasts, projections, estimates and will make certain key assumptions, including the timing and nature of projected cash expenditures or programs, and our ability to delay or curtail expenditures or programs, if necessary, among other factors. Based on this assessment, as necessary or applicable, we make certain assumptions around implementing curtailments or delays in the nature and timing of programs and expenditures to the extent we deem probable those implementations can be achieved, and we have the proper authority to execute them within the look-forward period in accordance with ASU No. 2014-15.

Following the consummation of the Merger, the Company will be a wholly-owned subsidiary of Black Titan. Black Titan is thereafter expected to receive a $4 million private placement investment which, management believes should be sufficient to provide the combined entity with enough cash to fund operations for at least one year following the closing.

Based upon the above assessment, our efforts to reduce operating costs and expenditures, and given our existing cash, projected disbursements, and the anticipated proceeds from the private placement investment upon completion of the Merger, we concluded that, at the date of filing the financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the six months ended June 30, 2025, we had sufficient cash to fund our operations for the next 12 months without additional funds. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include adjustments that would be necessary if the going concern assumption were inappropriate.

Stock-Based Compensation

We recognize compensation expense using a fair-value based method for all stock-based payments including stock options and restricted stock awards and stock issued under an employee stock purchase plan. These standards require companies to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model. See Note 3. Stock Plans for a discussion of our stock-based compensation plans.

Cash

Our investment policy emphasizes liquidity and preservation of principal over other portfolio considerations. We select investments that maximize interest income to the extent possible given these two constraints. We satisfy liquidity requirements by investing excess cash in securities with different maturities to match projected cash needs and limit concentration of credit risk by diversifying our investments among a variety of high credit-quality issuers and limiting the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The estimated fair values have been determined using available market information. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio.

We maintain significant cash balances at financial institutions which throughout the year regularly exceed the federally insured limit of $250,000. Any loss incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

All investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents. We had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets consist primarily of prepaid insurance, prepaid rent, prepaid payroll, and other expenses. Prepaid expenses are recorded at cost and are amortized over the periods benefited using the straight-line method. The Company reviews prepaid expenses at each balance sheet date and adjusts the carrying amounts as necessary to reflect the remaining estimated benefit.

Leases

We determine whether the arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at commencement date. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable, and therefore, we utilize our incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as initial direct costs paid or incentives received.

Lease expense is recognized over the expected term on a straight-line basis. Operating leases are recognized on our condensed balance sheets as right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities current and operating lease liabilities non-current.

We leased our office facility under an operating lease that expired in June 2024 and was not renewed. Rent expense associated with this lease was approximately $32,000 and $64,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.

Subsequent Events

We have evaluated events that occurred after June 30, 2025 and through the date that our condensed financial statements are issued. See Note 9. Subsequent Events.

Fair Value Measurements

Financial instruments, including receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, are carried at cost, and their fair values are approximated due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to our financial statements included in our 2024 10-K for information on recent accounting pronouncements.

Segment Reporting – Significant Expense Disclosure

Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), the Acting Principal Financial Officer, manages our business activities as a single operating and reportable segment at the entity level. The information in our financial statements along with the quarterly forecasts and weekly disbursements are some of the regularly provided financial information our CODM receives. Accordingly, our CODM uses net loss to measure segment profit or loss, allocate resources and assess performance. In accordance with ASU 2023-07, the following significant expense categories have been identified based on the information regularly reviewed when assessing performance and allocating resources:

	1.	Salaries and employee compensation and benefits – Through the second quarter of 2024, salaries and related employee compensation and benefit costs represented a significant portion of our expenses. However, as June 30, 2024, all employees were terminated, and no further salary-related expenses were incurred for the remainder of the fiscal year. In March 2025, we entered into an employment agreement with Chay Weei Jye providing for a base annual salary of $60,000.

	2.	Professional fees – Primarily consists of legal fees related to corporate governance and regulatory compliance, accounting and audit fees associated with financial reporting and compliance with SEC requirements and consulting fees paid to certain contractors.

	3.	Insurance expenses – Includes general liability, directors and officers (D&O) insurance, and other business-related coverage.

	4.	Board of directors’ fees – Paid to directors for their service on the board and its committees.

Amounts incurred for the above-identified expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands of U.S. dollars)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Salaries and employee compensation benefits	$	15	$	1,090	$	30	$	1,505
Professional fees		367		328		682		724
Insurance expenses		108		124		218		247
Board of directors’ fees		39		284		79		365
Total	$	529	$	1,826	$	1,009	$	2,841

3.	Stock Plans

The following table summarizes option activity:

Schedule of our option activity
	Shares (in thousands)		Weighted- Average Exercise Price per share		Weighted- Average Remaining Option Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands of U.S. dollars)
Outstanding at December 31, 2024		79	$	69.85		7.15	$	-
Outstanding at June 30, 2025		79	$	68.52		6.90	$	-
Exercisable at June 30, 2025		79	$	68.52		6.90	$	-

We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of our stock options. There were no options granted or shares awarded during the six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

As of June 30, 2025, there was no unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options.

4.	Net Loss Per Share

The table below presents common shares underlying stock options and warrants that are excluded from the calculation of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding used for the calculation of diluted net loss per common share. These are excluded from the calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Weighted-average anti-dilutive common shares resulting from options		79		93		80		93
Weighted-average anti-dilutive common shares resulting from convertible note		-		-		-		8
Weighted-average anti-dilutive common shares resulting from convertible preferred		965		380		992		355
Weighted-average anti-dilutive common shares resulting from warrants		466		476		467		476
		1,510		949		1,539		932

5.	Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

In 2020, a legal proceeding was initiated against us by a former employee alleging wrongful termination, retaliation, infliction of emotional distress, negligent supervision, hiring and retention and slander. An independent investigation into this individual’s allegations of whistleblower retaliation, while still an employee, was conducted utilizing an outside investigator and concluded that such allegations were not substantiated. In September 2023, Fedson, as consideration for the Asset Purchase Agreement, agreed to assume all liabilities related to this pending employment claim (see Note 6. Asset Sale).

Asset Sale

In July 2023, we entered into the Asset Purchase Agreement with Fedson for the sale of the ProNeura Assets, with closing occurring on September 1, 2023. The ProNeura Assets constituted only a portion of our assets. In August 2023, we entered into an Amendment to the Asset Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which Fedson agreed to purchase our ProNeura Assets for a purchase price of $2.0 million, consisting of (i) $500,000 in readily available funds, paid in full on the Closing Date, (ii) $500,000 in the form of the Cash Note and (iii) $1,000,000 in the form of the Escrow Note. We will also be eligible to receive potential milestone payments of up to $50 million on future net sales of the products and certain royalties on future net sales of the products. As further consideration, Fedson assumed all liabilities related to a pending employment claim against us. On the Closing Date, Fedson delivered a written guaranty by a principal of Fedson of all of Fedson’s obligations under both the Cash Note and Escrow Note. The Cash Note included provisions, which Fedson has exercised, allowing Fedson to extend the maturity date of the Cash Note to November 1, 2023 and again to December 1, 2023 upon payment of $5,000 for each extension. The Cash Note and Escrow Note were paid in December 2023 and January 2024, respectively. We received the funds from the escrow account in February 2024.

7.	Stockholders’ Equity

Our common stock outstanding was 1,330,234 and 914,234 shares as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Annual Meeting

In June 2025, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive plan to increase the number of authorized shares by an additional 90,000 shares.

Conversion of Series AA Preferred Stock

On May 13, 2025, we received a Notice of Conversion from Sire informing the Company that Sire desired to convert 139,882 shares of its Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series AA Preferred Stock”), into shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result, on May 30, 2025, the Company issued Sire 150,087 shares of common stock. These shares were issued with a standard Rule 144 restrictive legend. The issuance of the shares was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

As previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 19, 2023, on September 13, 2023 the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with Sire, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue 950,000 shares of Series AA Preferred Stock to Sire at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $9,500,000. Under the Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Series AA Certificate of Designations”) filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on September 13, 2023, each share of Series AA Preferred Stock is convertible, at the holder’s option at any time, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion rate equal to the quotient of (i) the stated value of such share divided by (ii) the initial conversion price of $9.32 (taking into account a 1-for-20 reverse stock split effected on January 9, 2024), subject to specified adjustments as set forth in the Series AA Certificate of Designations. The Series AA Preferred Stock contains limitations that prevent Sire from acquiring the lower of either (i) the maximum percentage of common stock permissible under the rules and regulations of The Nasdaq Stock Market without first obtaining shareholder approval or (ii) 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.

Conversion of Series B Preferred Stock

On May 13, 2025, we received a Notice of Conversion from Blue Harbour informing the Company that Blue Harbour desired to convert 79,773 shares of its Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series B Preferred Stock”), into shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result, on May 30, 2025, the Company issued Blue Harbour 265,913 shares of common stock. These shares were issued with a standard Rule 144 restrictive legend. The issuance of the shares was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

As previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 1, 2025, on March 29, 2025 the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with Blue Harbour, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue 100,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to Blue Harbour at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000. Under the Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Series B Certificate of Designations”) filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on March 31, 2025, each share of Series B Preferred Stock is convertible, at the holder’s option at any time, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion rate equal to the quotient of (i) the stated value of such share divided by (ii) the initial conversion price of $3.00, subject to specified adjustments as set forth in the Series B Certificate of Designations. The Series B Preferred Stock contains limitations that prevent Blue Harbour from acquiring the lower of either (i) the maximum percentage of common stock permissible under the rules and regulations of The Nasdaq Stock Market without first obtaining shareholder approval or (ii) 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.

Reverse Split

On January 8, 2024, pursuant to prior stockholder authorization, our Board effected a reverse split of the outstanding shares of our common stock at a ratio of one share for every twenty shares then outstanding (the “Reverse Split”). Pursuant to their respective terms, the number of shares underlying our outstanding options and warrants was reduced and their respective exercise prices increased by the Reverse Split ratio. The number of shares of common stock authorized and the par value of $0.001 per share did not change as a result of the Reverse Split. All share and per share amounts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q give retroactive effect to the Reverse Split.

Choong Choon Hau Note Conversion

In August 2023, we received $500,000 in funding in exchange for the issuance of a convertible promissory note for that principal amount to Choong Choon Hau (the “Hau Promissory Note”). Pursuant to the Hau Promissory Note, the principal amount accrues interest at a rate of 10% per annum and is payable monthly. All principal and accrued interest were due and payable on January 8, 2024, unless extended as provided. All or part of the Hau Promissory Note could be converted into our common stock at a conversion price of $9.32 per share from time to time following the issuance date and ending on the maturity date. In March 2024, the Hau Promissory Note, along with accrued interest of approximately $4,511, was converted into 54,132 shares of our common stock.

Related Party Transactions

During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we made payments related to legal fees of approximately $2,000, to a law firm operated by one of our Board members.

As of June 30, 2025, we had a receivable balance of approximately $143,000 from Black Titan, a related party. This includes advances of approximately $81,000 made during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and a balance of $62,000 outstanding as of December 31, 2024. This amount is expected to be repaid under standard terms.

In August 2023, we received $500,000 in funding in exchange for the issuance of the Hau Promissory Note. In March 2024, the Hau Promissory Note, along with accrued interest of approximately $4,511, was converted into 54,132 shares of our common stock (see Note 7. Stockholders’ Equity).

9.	Subsequent Events

We have evaluated events that have occurred subsequent to June 30, 2025 and through the date that the financial statements are issued. Based on this evaluation, other than as set forth below, no events have occurred that require disclosure or adjustment in the financial statements.

On July 22, 2025, we filed a definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A in respect of a special meeting of our stockholders, scheduled to be conducted on August 26, 2025 at 9:00 a.m. for purposes of approving the Merger.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or in the documents incorporated by reference herein may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. We have attempted to identify forward-looking statements by terminology including “anticipates,” “believes,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “should,” or “will” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we do not make forward looking statements unless we believe we have a reasonable basis for doing so, we cannot guarantee their accuracy. Forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this report or our other filings with the SEC include, but are not necessarily limited to, those relating to uncertainties relating to:

●

Our ability to complete one or more strategic transactions that will maximize our assets or otherwise provide value to stockholders;

●

our ability to raise capital when needed;

●

difficulties or delays in the product development and regulatory process; and

●

protection for our patents and other intellectual property or trade secrets.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by which, that performance or those results will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time they are made and/or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events, and are subject to risks and uncertainties, including the risks outlined under “Risk Factors” or elsewhere in this report, that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from what is expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements. We caution you not to give undue weight to such projections, assumptions and estimates.

References herein to “we,” “us,” “Titan,” and “our company” refer to Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. unless the context otherwise requires.

Probuphine^®and ProNeura^® are trademarks of Fedson, Inc. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also includes trade names and trademarks of other companies besides Titan.

All share and per share data in this report gives retroactive effect to a 1-for-20 reverse stock split effected on January 9, 2024.

Overview

We are a pharmaceutical company that was previously developing therapeutics utilizing the proprietary long-term drug delivery platform, ProNeura^®, for the treatment of select chronic diseases for which steady state delivery of a drug has the potential to provide an efficacy and/or safety benefit. ProNeura consists of a small, solid implant made from a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate and a drug substance. The resulting product is a solid matrix that is designed to be administered subdermally in a brief, outpatient procedure and is removed in a similar manner at the end of the treatment period.

On September 13, 2023, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Sire Purchase Agreement”) with Sire, pursuant to which we issued 950,000 shares of Series AA Preferred Stock to Sire at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $9,500,000. The purchase price consists of (i) $5 million in cash at closing and (ii) $4.5 million in the form of a promissory note from Sire, personally guaranteed by a principal of Sire, due and payable on September 23, 2023, which was fully repaid on that date. The terms, rights, obligations and preferences of the Series AA Preferred Stock are set forth in a Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series AA Preferred Stock of Titan (the “Certificate of Designations”), filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on September 13, 2023. Pursuant to the Sire Purchase Agreement, David Lazar and Peter Chasey submitted their resignations from our Board of Directors. On October 12, 2023, Brynner Chiam and Seow Gim Shen were elected to our Board of Directors, and Seow Gim Shen was appointed as Chairman.

On April 2, 2024, David Lazar, our Chief Executive Officer, Kate Beebe DeVarney, Ph.D., our President and Chief Operating Officer and a member of our Board of Directors, and three other members of our Board of Directors, Eric Greenberg, Matthew C. McMurdo and David Natan, resigned their positions with the Company. Pursuant to the terms of their respective settlement agreements, we made payments in aggregate of approximately $1.2 million. The Board of Directors subsequently appointed Firdauz Edmin Bin Mokhtar and Francisco Osvaldo Flores García as independent directors of the Company to fill two of the vacancies created by the resignations. In addition, Seow Gim Shen was appointed as Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer and continued to serve as the Company’s Chairman of the Board, which he had done since October 12, 2023.

	1.	TTNP Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Black Titan Corporation (formerly known as BSKE Ltd.) (“Black Titan”), a Cayman Islands exempted company, will merge with and into Titan (the “Merger”); the separate existence of Merger Sub will cease; and Titan will be the surviving corporation of the Merger and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Black Titan.

	2.	Within five business days after the proxy statement/prospectus relating to the proposed transaction becomes effective, shareholders of TalenTec may elect to enter into a share exchange agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Titan and Black Titan, pursuant to which, immediately following the Merger, each TalenTec shareholder entering into the Share Exchange Agreement will contribute and exchange all of his TalenTec shares in exchange for ordinary shares of Black Titan. The Company may terminate the Merger Agreement if fewer than all TalenTec shareholders enter into the Share Exchange Agreement within the specified period.

Completion of the Merger is subject to the approval of the Merger by our stockholders and the issuance of shares related to the Merger, approval of the listing by Nasdaq of Black Titan on the Nasdaq Capital Market, post-Merger, and satisfaction or waiver of other customary conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the proposed Merger will be consummated. The Company has been working diligently with TalenTec and Black Titan to prepare a joint proxy statement/prospectus in respect of the Merger, which was initially filed by Black Titan confidentially with the SEC on October 2, 2024. An amendment filing was subsequently made on February 13, 2025 for purposes of addressing comments received from the SEC. The parties publicly filed an amended joint proxy/registration statement on June 2, 2025 (the “Form F-4”). On July 21, 2025, the SEC declared the Form F-4 effective. Subsequently, on July 22, 2025, we filed a definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A in respect of a special meeting of our stockholders, scheduled to be conducted on August 26, 2025 at 9:00 a.m. for purposes of approving the Merger.

On March 26, 2025, we received a notice (the “Notice”) from the Listing Qualifications staff of Nasdaq notifying the Company that our stockholders’ equity as reported in our 2024 10-K, did not satisfy the continued listing requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) for the Nasdaq Capital Market, which requires that a listed company’s stockholders’ equity be at least $2,500,000 (the “Equity Rule”). In our 2024 10-K, we reported stockholders’ equity of $2,440,000, and, as a result, did not satisfy the Equity Rule.

The Notice had no immediate effect on our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In accordance with Nasdaq rules, the Company has 45 calendar days from the date of the Notice to submit a plan to regain compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1). We intend to submit a compliance plan within 45 days of the date of the Notice and will evaluate available options to resolve the deficiency and regain compliance. If our compliance plan is accepted, we may be granted up to 180 calendar days from March 26, 2025 to evidence compliance. As a result of the completion of our private placement transaction with Blue Harbour on April 11, 2025, pursuant to which we issued 100,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to Blue Harbour at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000, the Company believes it has stockholders’ equity of at least $2.5 million.

Further, on June 24, 2025, we completed an additional private placement with Blue Harbour, pursuant to which we issued 60,000 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share, to Blue Harbour for an aggregate purchase price of $600,000.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to our financial statements included in our 2024 10-K for information on recent accounting pronouncements.

Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024

Operating Expenses

	Three Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands of U.S. dollars)	2025		2024		Change			2025		2024		Change
Operating expenses:
General and administrative	$	657	$	2,074	$	(1,417	)	$	1,190	$	3,137	$	(1,947	)
Total operating expenses	$	657	$	2,074	$	(1,417	)	$	1,190	$	3,137	$	(1,947	)

The decrease in general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily related to decreases in personnel-related expenses.

Other Income (Expense), Net

	Three Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands of U.S. dollars)	2025			2024			Change			2025			2024			Change
Other income (expense):
Interest income	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-		$	1		$	(1	)
Other expense, net		(32	)		(19	)		(13	)		(62	)		(17	)		(45	)
Other expense, net	$	(32	)	$	(19	)	$	(13	)	$	(62	)	$	(16	)	$	(46	)

The decrease in other income (expense), net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily due to an increase in other expenses due to higher franchise taxes.

Net Loss and Net Loss per Share

Our net loss from operations for the three-month period ended June 30, 2025 was approximately $0.7 million, or approximately $0.65 per share, compared to our net loss from operations of approximately $2.1 million, or approximately $2.29 per share, for the comparable period in 2024. Our net loss from operations for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025 was approximately $1.3 million, or approximately $1.26 per share, compared to our net loss from operations of approximately $3.2 million, or approximately $3.57 per share, for the comparable period in 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded our operations since inception primarily through the sale of our securities and the issuance of debt, as well as with proceeds from warrant and option exercises, corporate licensing and collaborative agreements, the sale of royalty rights, and government-sponsored research grants. At June 30, 2025, we had a working capital of approximately $2.8 million compared to working capital of approximately $2.4 million at December 31, 2024.

In September 2023, we entered into a purchase agreement with Sire, pursuant to which we agreed to issue 950,000 shares of our Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $9.5 million. The purchase price consisted of (i) $5.0 million in cash at closing and (ii) $4.5 million in the form of a promissory note from Sire which was paid in September 2023. The net cash proceeds from this transaction were approximately $9.5 million.

In September 2023, we closed on the sale of the ProNeura Assets pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement with Fedson. The ProNeura Assets constituted only a portion of our assets. In August 2023, we entered into an Amendment to the Asset Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which Fedson agreed to purchase our ProNeura Assets for a purchase price of $2.0 million, consisting of (i) $500,000 in readily available funds, paid in full on the Closing Date, (ii) $500,000 in the form of the Cash Note and (iii) $1,000,000 in the form of the Escrow Note. We will also be eligible to receive potential milestone payments of up to $50 million on future net sales of the products and certain royalties on future net sales of the products. As further consideration, Fedson assumed all liabilities related to a pending employment claim against us. On the Closing Date, Fedson delivered a written guaranty by a principal of Fedson of all of Fedson’s obligations under both the Cash Note and Escrow Note. The Cash Note included provisions, which Fedson has exercised, allowing Fedson to extend the payment of the Cash Note to November 1, 2023 and again to December 1, 2023 upon payment of $5,000 for each extension. The Cash Note and Escrow Note were paid in December 2023 and January 2024, respectively. We received the funds from the escrow account in February 2024.

In August 2023, we received $500,000 in funding in exchange for the issuance of a convertible promissory note for that principal amount to Choong Choon Hau (the “Hau Promissory Note”). Pursuant to the Hau Promissory Note, the principal amount will accrue interest at a rate of 10% per annum and will be payable monthly. All principal and accrued interest shall be due and payable on January 8, 2024, unless extended as provided. All or part of the Hau Promissory Note could be converted into our common stock at a conversion price of $9.32 per share from time to time following the issuance date and ending on the maturity date. In March 2024, the Hau Promissory Note, along with accrued interest, was converted into 54,132 shares of our common stock.

At June 30, 2025, we had cash of approximately $2.8 million, which we believe is sufficient to fund our planned operations through the second quarter of 2026. We are exploring several financing and strategic alternatives; however, there can be no assurance that our efforts will be successful.

In April 2025, we completed the private placement transaction with Blue Harbour, pursuant to which we agreed to issue 100,000 shares of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1.0 million. In June 2025, we completed an additional private placement with Blue Harbour, pursuant to which we issued 60,000 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $600,000, as further described below.

Sources and Uses of Cash

	Six months Ended June 30,
(in thousands of U.S. dollars)	2025			2024
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(1,547	)	$	(2,681	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,519			-
Net decrease in cash	$	(28	)	$	(2,681	)

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 consisted primarily of our net loss of approximately $1.3 million, and approximately $0.3 million related to net changes in operating assets and liabilities. Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2024 consisted primarily of our net loss of approximately $3.2 million, offset by approximately $0.5 million related to net changes in operating assets and liabilities. Uses of cash in operating activities were primarily to general and administrative expenses. Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 consisted primarily of proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our market risk disclosures set forth in our 2024 10-K have not materially changed.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures: Our principal executive and financial officers reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive and financial officers concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective for the timely provision of material information relating to the Company, as required to be disclosed in the reports we file under the Exchange Act due to the identification of a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting described below.

Notwithstanding the conclusion by principal executive and financial officers that the disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were not effective and the material weakness identified in internal controls over financial reporting described below, management believes that the consolidated financial statements and related financial information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of the dates presented, and for the periods ended on such dates, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (US GAAP).

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting:

Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and effected by our Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

(1)

Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;

(2)

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorization of our management and directors; and

(3)

Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisitions, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting can also be circumvented by collusion or improper management overrides. Due to such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design safeguards into the process to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for Titan.

Management has used the framework set forth in the report entitled Internal Control—Integrated Framework published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), known as COSO, to evaluate the effectiveness of Titan’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on this assessment, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2025.

PART II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In September 2023, Fedson, as further consideration for the Asset Purchase Agreement, agreed to assume all liabilities related to a pending employment claim initiated by a former employee alleging wrongful termination, retaliation, infliction of emotional distress, negligent supervision, hiring and retention and slander. See Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2024 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our 2024 10-K are not the only risks facing our company. Except as noted below, the risks and uncertainties described in “Item 1A – Risk Factors” have not materially changed. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

If we cannot continue to satisfy the Nasdaq Capital Market continued listing standards and other Nasdaq rules, our common stock could be delisted, which would harm our business, the trading price of our common stock, our ability to raise additional capital and the liquidity of the market for our common stock.

Our common stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”). The listing standards of Nasdaq require that a company maintain stockholders’ equity of at least $2.5 million and a minimum bid price subject to specific requirements of $1.00 per share. There is no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with the minimum closing price requirement or the minimum stockholders’ equity requirement. Should we fail to comply with the minimum listing standards applicable to issuers listed on Nasdaq, our common stock may be delisted from Nasdaq. If our common stock is delisted, it could reduce the price of our common stock and the levels of liquidity available to our stockholders.

The Notice had no immediate effect on our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In accordance with Nasdaq rules, the Company has 45 calendar days from the date of the Notice to submit a plan to regain compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1). We intend to submit a compliance plan within 45 days of the date of the Notice and will evaluate available options to resolve the deficiency and regain compliance. If our compliance plan is accepted, we may be granted up to 180 calendar days from March 26, 2025 to evidence compliance. As a result of the completion of our private placement transaction with Blue Harbour on April 11, 2025, pursuant to which we issued 100,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to Blue Harbour at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000 the Company believes it has stockholders’ equity of at least $2.5 million.

If our common stock were to be delisted from Nasdaq and was not eligible for quotation or listing on another market or exchange, trading of our common stock could be conducted only in the over-the-counter market or on an electronic bulletin board established for unlisted securities such as the Pink Sheets or the OTC Bulletin Board. In such event, it could become more difficult to dispose of, or obtain accurate price quotations for, our common stock, and there would likely also be a reduction in our coverage by securities analysts and the news media, which could cause the price of our common stock to decline further.

In addition to the foregoing, if our common stock is delisted from Nasdaq and it trades on the over-the- counter market, the application of the “penny stock” rules could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and increase the transaction costs to sell those shares. The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define a “penny stock” as an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. If our common stock is delisted from Nasdaq and it trades on the over-the- counter market at a price of less than $5.00 per share, our common stock would be considered a penny stock. The SEC’s penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, before a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document that provides information about penny stocks and the risks in the penny stock market. The broker-dealer must also provide the customer with current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and the salesperson in the transaction, and monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer’s account. In addition, the penny stock rules generally require that before a transaction in a penny stock occurs, the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s agreement to the transaction. If applicable in the future, these rules may restrict the ability of brokers-dealers to sell our common stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their shares, until our common stock no longer is considered a penny stock.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

On March 18, 2024, we issued 54,132 shares of our common stock to Mr. Hau in connection with the conversion of the $500,000 unpaid principal amount and accrued interest of the Hau Promissory Note. Pursuant to the terms of the Hau Promissory Note, Mr. Hau was permitted to convert the unpaid principal amount and accrued interest thereof into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $9.32 per share at any time following the issuance date of August 8, 2023. Following the conversion of the Convertible Note, Mr. Hau owns approximately 241,531 shares of our common stock, or approximately 26.4% of the shares outstanding.

The issuance of common stock was made pursuant to the exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act.

In April 2025, we completed the private placement transaction with Blue Harbour, pursuant to which we agreed to issue 100,000 shares of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1.0 million. The shares sold in this private placement do not involve a public offering and have not been registered under the Securities Act, in reliance on Regulation S thereunder.

Further, on June 24, 2025, we completed an additional private placement with Blue Harbour, pursuant to which we issued 60,000 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”), to Blue Harbour at a price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $600,000. The terms, rights, obligations and preferences of the Series C Preferred Stock are set forth in a Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Series C Certificate of Designations”), filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 24, 2025.

Under the Series C Certificate of Designations, each share of Series C Preferred Stock will be convertible, at the holder’s option at any time, into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate equal to the quotient of (i) the stated value of such share divided by (ii) the initial conversion price of $3.40, subject to specified adjustments as set forth in the Series C Certificate of Designations. Based on the initial conversion rate, approximately 176,471 shares of our common stock would be issuable upon conversion of all the shares of Series C Preferred Stock, when issued, assuming the absence of in-kind dividends. The Series C Preferred Stock will contain limitations that prevent Blue Harbour from acquiring the lower of either (i) the maximum percentage of common stock permissible under the rules and regulations of Nasdaq without first obtaining shareholder approval or (ii) 19.99% of our outstanding common stock.

Item 5. Other Information

None of our directors or executive officers adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the six months ended June 30, 2025, as such terms are defined under Item 408(a) or Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

(b)

Exhibits

No		Description
4.1		Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 27, 2025).
10.1		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2025, by and among the Company and Blue Harbour Asset Management L.L.C-FZ. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 27, 2025).
10.2		Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2025, by and among the Company and Blue Harbour Asset Management L.L.C-FZ. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 27, 2025).
31.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Dated: August 14, 2025	By:	/s/ Chay Weei Jye
	Name:	Chay Weei Jye
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

SEC Form 10-Q filed by Titan Pharmaceuticals Inc.