UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to _________

Commission File Number: 001-40079

RUMBLE INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		85-1087461
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

444 Gulf of Mexico Dr
Longboat Key, FL 34228

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including zip code)

(941) 210-0196

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	RUM	The Nasdaq Global Market
Warrants to purchase one share of Class A common stock	RUMBW	The Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

	☐ Large accelerated filer	☐ Accelerated filer
	☒ Non-accelerated filer	☒ Smaller reporting company
		☒ Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 8, 2024, the registrant had issued and outstanding (i) 116,936,025 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, (ii) 165,153,628 shares of Class C common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and (iii) 105,782,403 shares of Class D common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

RUMBLE INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART 1 - FINANCIAL INFORMATION		1

Item 1.	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	1

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	3

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity	5

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	6

	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	21

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	32

Item 4.	Control and Procedures	32

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION		33

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	34

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34

Item 6.	Exhibits	35

SIGNATURES		36

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements regarding, among other things, our plans, strategies and prospects, both business and financial. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot provide assurance that we will achieve or realize these plans, intentions or expectations. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Generally, statements that are not historical facts, including statements concerning possible or assumed future actions, business strategies, events or results of operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Investors should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss future expectations, contain projects of future results of operations or financial condition; or state other “forward-looking” information. Forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this Quarterly Report and may involve significant judgments and assumptions, known and unknown risks and uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside our control. There may be events in the future that management is not able to predict accurately or over which we have no control. We do not undertake any obligation to update to otherwise correct any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events, inaccuracies that become apparent after the date hereof or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable laws. The risk factors and cautionary language contained in this Quarterly Report provide examples of risks, uncertainties, and events that may cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations described in such forward-looking statements, including among other things:

●

our ability to grow and manage future growth profitably over time, maintain relationships with customers, compete within our industry and retain key employees;

●

the possibility that we may be adversely impacted by economic, business, and/or competitive factors;

●

our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects;

●

our recent and rapid growth may not be indicative of future performance;

●

we may not continue to grow or maintain our active user base, and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability;

●

risks relating to our ability to attract new advertisers, or the potential loss of existing advertisers or the reduction of or failure by existing advertisers to maintain or increase their advertising budgets;

●

Rumble Cloud, our recently launched cloud business may not achieve success, and, as a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected;

●

negative media campaigns may adversely impact our financial performance, results of operations, and relationships with our business partners, including content creators and advertisers;

●

spam activity, including inauthentic and fraudulent user activity, if undetected, may contribute to some amount of overstatement of our performance indicators, including reporting of MAU’s by Google;

●

we collect, store, and process large amounts of user video content and personal information of our users and subscribers. If our security measures are breached, our sites and applications may be perceived as not being secure, traffic and advertisers may curtail or stop viewing our content or using our services, our business and operating results could be harmed, and we could face governmental investigations and legal claims from users and subscribers;

●

we may fail to comply with applicable privacy laws;

●

we are subject to cybersecurity risks and interruptions or failures in our information technology systems and as we grow and gain recognition, we will likely need to expend additional resources to enhance our protection from such risks. Notwithstanding our efforts, a cyber incident could occur and result in information theft, data corruption, operational disruption and/or financial loss;

●

we may be found to have infringed on the intellectual property of others, which could expose us to substantial losses or restrict our operations;

●

we may face liability for hosting a variety of tortious or unlawful materials uploaded by third parties, notwithstanding the liability protections of Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (“Section 230”);

●

we may face negative publicity for removing, or declining to remove, certain content, regardless of whether such content violated any law;

●

paid endorsements by our content creators may expose us to regulatory risk, liability, and compliance costs, and, as a result, may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations;

●

our traffic growth, engagement, and monetization depend upon effective operation within and compatibility with operating systems, networks, devices, web browsers and standards, including mobile operating systems, networks, and standards that we do not control;

●

our business depends on continued and unimpeded access to our content and services on the internet. If we or those who engage with our content experience disruptions in internet service, or if internet service providers are able to block, degrade or charge for access to our content and services, we could incur additional expenses and the loss of traffic and advertisers;

●

we face significant market competition, and if we are unable to compete effectively with our competitors for traffic and advertising spend, our business and operating results could be harmed;

●

we rely on data from third parties to calculate certain of our performance metrics. Real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business;

●

changes to our existing content and services could fail to attract traffic and advertisers or fail to generate revenue;

●

we derive the majority of our revenue from advertising. The failure to attract new advertisers, the loss of existing advertisers, or the reduction of or failure by existing advertisers to maintain or increase their advertising budgets would adversely affect our business;

●

we depend on third-party vendors, including internet service providers, advertising networks, and data centers, to provide core services;

●

hosting and delivery costs may increase unexpectedly;

iii

●

we have offered and intend to continue to offer incentives, including economic incentives, to content creators to join our platform, and these arrangements may involve fixed payment obligations that are not contingent on actual revenue or performance metrics generated by the applicable content creator but rather are based on our modeled financial projections for that creator, which if not satisfied may adversely impact our financial performance, results of operations and liquidity;

●

we may be unable to develop or maintain effective internal controls;

●

potential diversion of management’s attention and consumption of resources as a result of acquisitions of other companies and success in integrating and otherwise achieving the benefits of recent and potential acquisitions;

●

we may fail to maintain adequate operational and financial resources or raise additional capital or generate sufficient cash flows;

●

we may be adversely impacted by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors;

●

changes in tax rates, changes in tax treatment of companies engaged in e-commerce, the adoption of new tax legislation, or exposure to additional tax liabilities may adversely impact our financial results;

●

compliance obligations imposed by new privacy laws, laws regulating social media platforms and online speech in certain jurisdictions in which we operate, or industry practices may adversely affect our business; and

●

other risks and uncertainties indicated in this Quarterly Report and in other filings that we have made or will make with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including the risk factors described under the caption “Risk Factors” in our annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Rumble Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

Rumble Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

	Contents
Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations	3
Condensed Consolidated Interim Balance Sheets	4
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Shareholders' Equity	5
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows	6
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements	7-20

Rumble Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31,	2024			2023

Revenues	$	17,733,456		$	17,615,375

Expenses
Cost of services (content, hosting and other)	$	31,828,354		$	26,014,365
General and administrative		9,322,379			8,595,096
Research and development		4,527,792			2,617,659
Sales and marketing		3,296,742			3,335,565
Amortization and depreciation		2,426,142			681,074
Changes in fair value of contingent consideration		1,336,589			-

Total expenses		52,737,998			41,243,759

Loss from operations		(35,004,542	)		(23,628,384	)
Interest income		2,521,952			3,307,927
Other expense		(69,708	)		(15,906	)
Changes in fair value of warrant liability		(10,737,895	)		(8,331,750	)

Loss before income taxes		(43,290,193	)		(28,668,113	)
Income tax recovery		153			-

Net loss	$	(43,290,040	)	$	(28,668,113	)

Loss per share – basic and diluted	$	(0.21	)	$	(0.14	)
Weighted-average number of common shares used in computing net loss per share - basic and diluted		201,904,263			202,717,669

Share-based compensation expense included in expenses:
Cost of services (content, hosting, and other)	$	388,910		$	509,075
General and administrative		3,975,871			1,694,551
Research and development		270,872			67,098
Sales and marketing		127,241			38,486

Total share-based compensation expense		4,762,894			2,309,210

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Rumble Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Interim Balance Sheets

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023

Assets

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	182,699,695		$	218,338,658
Marketable securities		1,135,200			1,135,200
Accounts receivable		5,986,320			5,440,447
Prepaid expenses and other		15,471,149			13,090,072
		205,292,364			238,004,377

Other non-current assets		1,879,819			1,626,802
Property and equipment, net		18,995,562			19,689,987
Right-of-use assets, net		2,782,685			2,473,903
Intangible assets, net		23,400,743			23,262,428
Goodwill		10,655,391			10,655,391
	$	263,006,564		$	295,712,888

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity

Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	20,550,598		$	24,713,203
Deferred revenue		7,014,763			7,003,891
Lease liabilities		1,227,589			975,844
Contingent consideration		1,635,974			863,643
		30,428,924			33,556,581

Lease liabilities, long-term		1,677,058			1,630,837
Contingent consideration, net of current portion		1,269,975			705,717
Warrant liability		18,434,500			7,696,605
Other liability		500,000			500,000
		52,310,457			44,089,740
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

Shareholders' equity
Preferred shares ($0.0001 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding)		-			-
Common shares ($0.0001 par value per share, 700,000,000 Class A shares authorized, 115,126,700 and 114,926,700 shares issued and outstanding, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 170,000,000 Class C authorized, 165,153,621 and 165,353,621 shares issued and outstanding, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 110,000,000 Class D authorized, 105,782,403 and 105,782,403 shares issued and outstanding, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)		768,523			768,523
Accumulated deficit		(188,493,203	)		(145,203,163	)
Additional paid-in capital		398,420,787			396,057,788
		210,696,107			251,623,148
	$	263,006,564		$	295,712,888

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Rumble Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Shareholders Equity

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024
	Number of Common Stock														Additional Paid-in		Accumulated
	Class A		Class C			Class D		Class A		Class C			Class D		Capital		Deficit			Total
Balance December 31, 2023		114,926,700		165,353,621			105,782,403	$	741,410	$	16,535		$	10,578	$	396,057,788	$	(145,203,163	)	$	251,623,148
Issuance of Class A Common Stock in exchange for Class C Common Stock		200,000		(200,000	)		-		20		(20	)		-		-		-			-
Share-based compensation		-		-			-		-		-			-		2,362,999		-			2,362,999
Loss for the period		-		-			-		-		-			-		-		(43,290,040	)		(43,290,040	)
Balance March 31. 2024		115,126,700		165,153,621			105,782,403	$	741,430	$	16,515		$	10,578	$	398,420,787	$	(188,493,203	)	$	210,696,107

For the three months ended March 31, 2023
	Number of Common Stock												Additional Paid-in		Accumulated
	Class A		Class C		Class D		Class A		Class C		Class D		Capital		Deficit			Total
Balance December 31, 2022		111,467,763		167,662,214		105,782,403	$	741,013	$	16,766	$	10,578	$	367,649,123	$	(28,782,701	)	$	339,634,779
Share-based compensation		-		-		-		-		-		-		2,309,210		-			2,309,210
Loss for the period		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(28,668,113	)		(28,668,113	)
Balance March 31. 2023		111,467,763		167,662,214		105,782,403	$	741,013	$	16,766	$	10,578	$	369,958,333	$	(57,450,814	)	$	313,275,876

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Rumble Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31,	2024			2023
Cash flows provided by (used in)

Operating activities
Net loss for the period	$	(43,290,040	)	$	(28,668,113	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Amortization and depreciation		2,426,142			681,074
Share-based compensation		4,762,894			2,309,210
Non-cash interest expense		51,888			7,459
Amortization on right-of-use assets		270,625			145,359
Change in fair value of warrants		10,737,895			8,331,750
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		1,336,589			-

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(545,873	)		(763,356	)
Prepaid expenses and other		(2,662,371	)		2,273,291
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(6,650,105	)		3,263,004
Deferred revenue		10,872			2,595,644
Operating lease liabilities		(305,051	)		(154,323	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(33,856,535	)		(9,979,001	)

Investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment		(426,692	)		(1,841,205	)
Purchase of intangible assets		(1,355,736	)		(144,431	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,782,428	)		(1,985,636	)

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents during the period		(35,638,963	)		(11,964,637	)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		218,338,658			337,169,279
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	182,699,695		$	325,204,642

Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for lease liabilities	$	305,051		$	158,067

Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property and equipment in accounts payable and accrued liabilities		253,862			435,388
Recognition of operating right-of-use assets in exchange for operating lease liabilities		579,407			-
Share-based compensation capitalized related to intangible assets		87,604			-

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

1.	Overview and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Operations

On December 1, 2021, Rumble Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada (“Legacy Rumble”) and CF Acquisition VI, a Delaware corporation (“CFVI”) entered into a business agreement (the “Business Combination Agreement”). On September 16, 2022, pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, Legacy Rumble and CFVI announced the completion of a transaction whereby CFVI was renamed Rumble Inc. and Legacy Rumble was renamed Rumble Canada Inc.

Rumble Inc. (“Rumble” or the “Company”) is a high growth, video sharing platform and cloud services provider designed to help content creators manage, distribute, and monetize their content by connecting them with brands, publishers, and directly to their subscribers and followers. The Company’s registered office is located at 444 Gulf of Mexico Drive, Longboat Key, Florida, 34228. The Company’s shares of Class A common stock and warrants are traded on The Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “RUM” and “RUMBW”, respectively.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements (the “financial statements”) are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the results of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative guidance found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. These financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, which is the functional currency of the Company.

These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“Annual Financial Statements”). These financial statements have been prepared using the same accounting policies that were described in Note 2 to the Annual Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates the estimates used, which include but are not limited to the: allowance for credit losses; valuation of share-based compensation awards; estimates in the determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with acquisitions; fair value of financial instruments including warrant liability and contingent consideration; discount rate in determining lease liabilities; valuation of long-lived assets and their associated useful lives, valuation of goodwill; and the realization of tax assets, estimates of tax liabilities, and valuation of deferred taxes. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the impact of any revisions are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which such revisions are made. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates, judgments, or assumptions, and such differences could be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

2.	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Prior Period Reclassifications

Certain amounts in expenses and other income (expenses) in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation. The reclassification has no impact on net loss, loss per share or total shareholders’ equity.

3.	Acquisitions

Acquisition of Callin Corp.

On May 15, 2023 (the “Acquisition Date”), the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of Callin Corp. (“Callin”), a podcasting and live streaming platform. Callin creates a seamless experience for its users to create, discover, and consume live and recorded content. The Company has determined that Callin meets the definition of a business and has accounted for the acquisition as a business combination. The fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by the Company in connection with the acquisition is as follows:

Total consideration	$	18,226,572

Net assets acquired:
Cash	$	1,000,989
Accounts receivable		10,939
Prepaid expenses		200,651
Property and equipment		37,841
Software and technology		9,352,000
Accounts payable, accruals, and other liabilities		(1,137,814	)
Deferred tax liability		(1,230,526	)
Total net assets acquired	$	8,234,080

Goodwill	$	9,992,492

The fair value of the consideration consists of the following:

	Fair Value
Shares issued	$	6,055,409
Shares to be issued		3,747,209
Replacement awards		15,578
Contingent consideration (liability) – retention payments		3,491,741
Contingent consideration (equity) – milestone 1		2,490,152
Contingent consideration (equity) – milestone 2		2,356,483
Contingent consideration payable		70,000
Total consideration	$	18,226,572

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

3.	Acquisitions (Continued)

Acquisition of Callin Corp. (Continued)

Under the terms of the acquisition agreement, the Company is required to issue upfront share consideration of 981,243 shares of Class A Common Stock to the preferred shareholders and SAFE note holders of Callin, of which 963,337 shares had been issued as of March 31, 2024. The fair value of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the acquisition date was $9.99 per share. In addition, the Company issued rights to four payments each consisting of 375,000 contingently issuable shares of Class A Common Stock to the common shareholders, series FF preferred shareholders, option holders and continuing employees of Callin contingent on the following conditions being met:

	●	Retention payment 1: Services are provided by a selling shareholder for 12 months;

	●	Retention payment 2: Services are provided by a selling shareholder for 24 months;

	●	Milestone payment 1: Within 12 months, certain feature development and technical performance criteria are achieved, and the acquired technology is integrated into the Company’s existing software; and

●

Milestone payment 2: Within 24 months, certain feature development and technical performance criteria are achieved.

In assessing what is part of the business combination, the Company has determined that because the two retention payments are contingent on a selling shareholder providing services post-combination, the portion of those tranches earned by the party providing services should be reflected in the Company’s financial statements as post-combination expense. In addition, where future services are required by employees in order to earn rights to the contingent consideration, such rights are being accounted for either entirely as post-combination expense or as replacement awards where the rights replace unvested options or restricted series FF preferred shares that were originally granted by Callin. Rights to contingent consideration held by non-accredited investors will be settled in cash at $8.92 per share. For the remainder, the four tranches of contingently issuable shares have been accounted for as contingent consideration.

The following table shows the breakdown of the contingently issuable shares:

	Number of Shares
Contingent consideration		903,689
Share-based compensation (Note 11)		596,311
Total contingently issuable shares		1,500,000

The fair value of the contingent consideration has been estimated as follows:

Retention payments 1 and 2

The Company has determined that retention payments 1 and 2 are one unit of account requiring the Company to issue a variable number of shares that is not indexed to the Company’s stock. As a result, the consideration that is contingent on one of the selling shareholder’s providing services has been classified as a liability. The contingent consideration is classified Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The key inputs into the fair value determination are the probability of achieving the milestones, which impacts the expected number of shares to be issued, and the share price on the acquisition date. At the acquisition date, management estimated the number of shares to be issued is 349,523. The Company has recognized a change in fair value of this contingent consideration of $1,336,589 due to the change in the Company’s stock price and the probability of each contingency being met for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

3.	Acquisitions (Continued)

Acquisition of Callin Corp. (Continued)

Milestone payments 1 and 2

The Company has determined that milestone payments 1 and 2 are separate units of account because a fixed number of shares will be issued if each contingency is met, and meeting one contingency is not dependent on the other. The key inputs into the fair value determination are the probability of each contingency being met, and the share price on the acquisition date. As of March 31, 2024, milestone payment 1 was met resulting in 375,000 contingently issuable shares of Class A Common Stock. Subsequent to period end, milestone payment 1 will be settled through the issuance of 288,556 shares of Class A Common Stock and cash of $771,362.

The acquired goodwill relates to Callin’s workforce and synergies that are expected to be realized upon the integration of Callin’s technology with the Rumble platform. Such synergies will include the ability to leverage the creator relationships that Rumble has secured to date and will allow for a greater ability to establish brand recognition and monetization of the Callin platform in the future. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

4.	Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by type:

	Three months ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Advertising	$	11,277,988	$	14,336,450
Other services and cloud		6,455,468		3,278,925
Total revenues	$	17,733,456	$	17,615,375

The Company recognizes revenue either at a point in time, or over time, depending upon the characteristics of the contract. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, revenue recognized at a point in time compared to over time was $6,513,404 and $11,220,052, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue recognized at a point in time compared to over time was $5,076,588 and $12,538,787, respectively.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue recorded at March 31, 2024 is expected to be fully recognized by March 31, 2025. The deferred revenue balance as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $7,014,763 and $7,003,891, respectively.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

5.	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities

Cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consist of the following:

		March 31,		December 31,
	Contracted	2024		2023
	Maturity	Balance		Balance
Cash	Demand	$	7,147,101	$	11,632,839
Treasury bills and money market funds	Demand		175,552,594		206,705,819
		$	182,699,695	$	218,338,658

Marketable securities consist of term deposits of $1,135,200 and $1,135,200 as at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company did not have any long-term investments as at March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company entered into a guarantee/ standby letter of credit in the amount of $1,362,500 which will be used towards the issuance of credit for running the Company’s day-to-day business operations (December 31, 2023 – $1,362,500).

6.	Property and Equipment

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Computer hardware	$	22,386,791		$	21,969,345
Furniture and fixtures		121,077			121,077
Leasehold improvements		1,921,147			1,911,901
		24,429,015			24,002,323
Accumulated depreciation		(5,433,453	)		(4,312,336	)
Net carrying value	$	18,995,562		$	19,689,987

Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $1,121,117 and $530,071 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

7.	Right-of-Use Assets and Lease Liabilities

The Company leases several facilities and data centers under non-cancelable operating leases. These leases have original lease periods expiring between 2024 and 2027. The lease agreements generally do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

	March 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
			Accumulated					Accumulated
	Cost		Amortization			Cost		Amortization
Right-of-use assets	$	4,412,591	$	(1,629,906	)	$	3,833,184	$	(1,359,281	)
Net book value			$	2,782,685				$	2,473,903

Operating lease costs were $322,513 and $152,818 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are included in general and administration expenses in the condensed consolidated interim statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, the weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average incremental borrowing rate for the operating leases were 2.40 years and 7.71%, respectively (December 31, 2023 – 2.65 years and 7.52%).

The following shows the future minimum lease payments for the remaining years under the lease arrangement as of March 31, 2024.

2024	$	1,018,169
2025		1,264,698
2026		801,890
2027		48,863
		3,133,620
Less: imputed interest*		228,973
		2,904,647

Current portion	$	1,227,589
Long-term portion	$	1,677,058

*	Imputed interest represents the difference between undiscounted cash flows and cash flows

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

8.	Intangible Assets

	March 31, 2024
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Intellectual property	$	461,663	$	(108,524	)	$	353,139
Domain name		500,448		(94,359	)		406,089
Brand		1,284,000		(312,469	)		971,531
Software and technology		21,103,759		(2,665,937	)		18,437,822
Internal software development		3,238,654		(281,134	)		2,957,520
Assembled workforce		366,188		(91,546	)		274,642
	$	26,954,712	$	(3,553,969	)	$	23,400,743

	December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Intellectual property	$	461,663	$	(101,023	)	$	360,640
Domain name		500,448		(86,019	)		414,429
Brand		1,284,000		(280,369	)		1,003,631
Software and technology		20,894,389		(1,618,906	)		19,275,483
Internal software development		2,004,684		(116,854	)		1,887,830
Assembled workforce		366,188		(45,773	)		320,415
	$	25,511,372	$	(2,248,944	)	$	23,262,428

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $1,305,025 and 151,003 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For intangible assets held as of March 31, 2024, future amortization expense is as follows:

2024	$	4,107,120
2025		5,347,279
2026		5,023,302
2027		4,616,107
2028		3,664,483
Thereafter		642,452
	$	23,400,743

9.	Other Liability

The Company has received certain amounts from a third party to assist with certain operating expenditures of the Company. These amounts are to be repaid upon settlement of those expenditures, are non-interest bearing, and have been treated as a long-term liability. As of March 31, 2024, an amount of $500,000 related to these expenses was recorded in other liability (December 31, 2023 – $500,000).

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

10.

Shareholders’ Equity

The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000,000 shares, consisting of:

(i)

700,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share;

(ii)

170,000,000 shares of Class C Common Stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share;

(iii)

110,000,000 shares of Class D Common Stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share; and

(iv)

20,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share.

The following shares of common stock are issued and outstanding at:

	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Number		Amount		Number		Amount
Class A Common Stock		115,126,700	$	741,430		114,926,700	$	741,410
Class C Common Stock		165,153,621		16,515		165,353,621		16,535
Class D Common Stock		105,782,403		10,578		105,782,403		10,578

Balance		386,062,724	$	768,523		386,062,724	$	768,523

Former holders of Legacy Rumble’s common shares are eligible to receive up to an aggregate of 105,000,000 additional shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock, of which 76,412,604 shares are currently held in escrow and 28,587,396 shares will be issued if and when the contingency is met. Similarly, the Sponsor’s common shares are eligible to receive up to an aggregate of 1,973,750 additional shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock, which will be issued if and when the contingency is met. The holders are eligible to the shares if the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock is greater than or equal to $15.00 and $17.50, respectively (with 50% released at each target, or if the latter target is reached first, 100%) for a period of 20 trading days during any 30 trading-day period. The term will expire September 16, 2027. If there is a change in control prior to September 16, 2027 resulting in a per share price equal to or in excess of the $15.00 and $17.50 share price milestones not previously met, then the Company shall issue the earnout shares to the holders.

11.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The Company’s stock award plans consist of:

Rumble Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan

The Company maintains a long-term incentive plan, the Rumble Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”). The Stock Option Plan governs the terms and conditions of the outstanding awards previously granted under the Stock Option Plan, as well as all options to purchase Legacy Rumble Class A common shares or Legacy Rumble Class B common shares which were converted into options to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock in connection with the Business Combination.

As of March 31, 2024, there were 58,165,382 shares of Class A Common Stock reserved for future issuance under the Stock Option Plan.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

11.

Share-Based Compensation Expense (Continued)

Rumble Inc. 2022 Stock Incentive Plan

The Rumble Inc. 2022 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan”) was approved by the board of directors and the stockholders of the Company, and became effective, on September 16, 2022. The Company initially reserved 27,121,733 shares of Common Stock for issuance under the Stock Incentive Plan, subject to a ten-year an evergreen feature.

As of March 31, 2024, there were 36,361,367 shares of Class A Common Stock reserved for future issuance under the Stock Incentive Plan.

Restricted Stock Units

The following table reflects the continuity of unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) transactions:

	Number			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2023		1,631,338		$	10.55
Granted		744,681			8.50
Forfeited		(7,022	)		7.95
Outstanding, March 31, 2024		2,368,997		$	9.91

The total unrecognized compensation cost for the RSUs issued is $15,434,778 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.21 years.

Stock Options

The following table reflects the continuity of stock option transactions:

	Three months ended March 31, 2024
	Service Conditions					Performance Conditions
	Number			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, beginning of year		65,004,839		$	0.50		358,249	$	9.42
Forfeited		(5,092,785	)		4.76		-		-
Outstanding, end of period		59,912,054		$	0.41		358,249	$	9.42

Vested and exercisable		58,141,104		$	0.14		-	$	-

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

11.

Share-Based Compensation Expense (Continued)

Stock Options (Continued)

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the stock options and the fair value of the Company’s Class A Common Stock for those stock options that had exercise prices lower than the fair value of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. As of March 31, 2024, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding was $487,203,412 and the aggregate intrinsic value of the options vested and exercisable was $486,756,597.

The total unrecognized compensation cost for options with a service only condition and options with a performance condition as of March 31, 2024 was $10,011,998 and $3,000,000, respectively. For the options with a service only condition, as of March 31, 2024, the cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.43 years.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company has determined that it is not probable that the conditions related to the performance-based stock options will be met, and therefore, the Company has not recognized the related expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

The weighted average grant date fair value of the outstanding options with a service only condition and options with a performance condition as of March 31, 2024 was $0.95 and $8.37, respectively.

Rights to Contingent Consideration

Share-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated interim statement of operations related to the rights to contingent consideration was $1,723,580 and $nil for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of March 31, 2024, there was $1,151,495 and $101,575 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to rights with a service only condition, and rights with a performance condition, respectively. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.95 and 1.10 years, respectively.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

12.

Loss per Share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to the Company by the weighted-average number of Class A and Class C Common Stock issued and outstanding, excluding those held in escrow as these are contingently issuable shares and have been excluded from the calculation during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Shares of Class D Common Stock do not share in earnings and not participating securities (i.e., non-economic shares) and therefore, have been excluded from the calculation of weighted-average number of shares outstanding.

Diluted loss per share is computed giving effect to all potentially dilutive shares. Diluted loss per share for all periods presented is the same as basic loss per share as the inclusion of potentially issuable shares would be antidilutive.

13.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

The Company has non-cancelable contractual commitments of approximately $84 million as of March 31, 2024, which are primarily related to programming and content, leases, and other service arrangements. The majority of commitments will be paid over three years commencing in 2024.

Legal Proceedings

In the normal course of business, to facilitate transactions in services and products, the Company indemnifies certain parties. The Company has agreed to hold certain parties harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants, or out of intellectual property infringement or other claims made against certain parties. Several of these agreements limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its officers and directors, and its bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations to its agents.

Furthermore, many of the Company’s agreements with its customers and partners require the Company to indemnify them for certain intellectual property infringement claims against them, which would increase costs as a result of defending such claims, and may require that we pay significant damages if there were an adverse ruling in any such claims. Customers and partners may discontinue the use of the Company’s services and technologies as a result of injunctions or otherwise, which could result in loss of revenues and adversely impact the business.

It is not possible to make a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. As of March 31, 2024, there were no material indemnification claims that were probable or reasonably possible.

As of March 31, 2024, Rumble had received notification of a lawsuit against the Company and one of its shareholders seeking a variety of relief including rescission of a share redemption sale agreement with the Company or damages alleged to be worth $419.0 million. The Company is defending the claim and considers that the likelihood that it will be required to make a payment to plaintiffs to be remote.

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

14.

Fair Value Measurements

The following table summarizes the liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	Warrant Liability		Marketable Securities		Contingent Consideration
December 31, 2023	$	7,696,605	$	1,135,200	$	1,569,360
Change in fair value		10,737,895		-		1,336,589
March 31, 2024	$	18,434,500	$	1,135,200	$	2,905,949

Warrant liability

Warrant liability consists of warrants issued by the Company in public offerings, private placements, and forward purchase contracts. As of March 31, 2024, the number of warrants outstanding and weighted-average exercise price were 8,050,000 warrants and $11.50, respectively (December 31, 2023 – 8,050,000 and $11.50). The warrants are exercisable and will expire on September 16, 2027, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. All warrants are publicly traded.

Contingent consideration

The contingent consideration liability arose in May 2023 from the Callin acquisition. Refer to Note 3. The increase in fair value during the year is attributable to changes in the Company’s stock price and the increased probability of each contingency being met.

15.

Credit and Concentration Risks

Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to discharge an obligation. The Company is exposed to credit risk resulting from the possibility that a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument defaults on their financial obligations or if there is a concentration of transactions carried out with the same counterparty. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable.

The Company’s cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities are held in reputable banks in its country of domicile and management believes the risk of loss to be remote. We maintain cash balances that exceed the insured limits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation.

The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by its customers. Accounts receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount, do not bear interest, and do not require collateral. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, one customer accounted for $2,675,574 and $9,168,526 or 15% and 52% of revenue, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, one customer accounted for 9% of accounts receivable (December 31, 2023– 35%).

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

16.

Related Party Transactions

The Company’s related parties include directors, shareholders and key management.

Compensation to related parties totaled $3,345,147 and $2,951,232 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Of the total compensation, the Company paid share-based compensation to key management amounting to $2,202,232 and $1,673,431, respectively.

The Company has a vendor relationship with Cosmic Inc. and Kosmik Development Skopje doo (“Cosmic”) to provide content moderation and software development services. Cosmic is controlled by Chris Pavlovski, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Ryan Milnes, a member of our board of directors, each of whom holds a significant number of Rumble shares. The Company incurred related party expenses for these services of $779,478 and $564,649 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

There were no other related party transactions during these periods.

17.

Segment Information

Disclosure requirements about segments of an enterprise establish standards for reporting information regarding operating segments in annual financial statements. These requirements include presenting selected information for each segment. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief decision-maker is its chief executive officer. The Company and its chief decision-maker view the Company’s operations and manage its business as one operating segment.

The following presents the revenue by geographic region:

	For the three months ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	16,958,276	$	16,155,288
Canada		182,281		64,512
Other		592,899		1,395,575

	$	17,733,456	$	17,615,375

Rumble Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

17.

Segment Information (Continued)

The Company tracks assets by physical location. Long-lived assets consists of property and equipment, net, and are shown below:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
United States	$	18,673,636	$	19,334,231
Canada		321,926		355,756
	$	18,995,562	$	19,689,987

18.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent to the end of the quarter, milestone 2 was met related to the Callin acquisition described in Note 3. The obligation will be settled by issuing shares and cash.

On May 13, 2024, we filed an antitrust lawsuit against Google in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California related to Google’s monopolization of the online advertising market. This lawsuit is separate and distinct from the self-preferencing lawsuit filed in January 2021.

In accordance with ASC 855, the Company’s management reviewed all material events through May 14, 2024, and there were no material subsequent events other than those disclosed above.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with Rumble Inc.’s (“Rumble” or the “Company”) unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and the related notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to those differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in the sections titled “1A. Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and those discussed in our other filings with the SEC. Additionally, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in any future period. Amounts are presented in U.S. dollars.

Overview

We are a high growth video sharing and cloud services provider platform designed to help content creators manage, distribute, and monetize their content by connecting them with brands, publishers, and directly to their subscribers and followers. Our registered office is 444 Gulf of Mexico Drive, Longboat Key, Florida, 34228. Our shares of Class A common stock and warrants are traded on The Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “RUM” and “RUMBW”, respectively.

Revenues

We generate revenues primarily from advertising fees, other services and cloud.

Advertising fees are generated by delivering digital video and display advertisements as well as cost-per-message-read advertisements. Digital video and display advertisements are placed on Rumble and third-party publisher websites or mobile applications. Customers pay for advertisements either directly or through relationships with advertising agencies or resellers, based on the number of impressions delivered or the number of actions such as clicks, or purchases taken, by our users.

Other services include: subscription fees earned primarily from consumer product offerings such as Locals and badges; revenues generated from content that is licensed by third-parties; pay-per-view; fees from tipping and platform hosting fees. Cloud includes consumption-based fees, subscriptions for infrastructure and professional services.

Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“Annual Financial Statements”)

Expenses

Expenses primarily include cost of services, general and administrative, research and development, sales and marketing, acquisition-related transaction costs, amortization and depreciation, and changes in fair value of contingent consideration. The most significant component of our expenses on an ongoing basis are programming and content, service provider costs, and staffing-related costs.

We expect to continue to invest substantial resources to support our growth and anticipate that each of the following categories of expenses will increase in absolute dollar amounts for the foreseeable future.

Cost of Services (Exclusive of Amortization and Depreciation)

Cost of services consists of costs related to obtaining, supporting and hosting the Company’s product offerings. These costs primarily include:

●

Programming and content costs related to compensation (including share-based compensation) to content providers from whom video and other content are licensed. These costs are paid to these providers based on revenues generated, or in fixed amounts. In certain circumstances, we incur additional costs related to incentivizing top content creators to promote and join our platform; and

●

Other cost of services such as third-party service provider costs, including data center and networking costs, and costs paid to publishers.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of payroll and related expenses, which include bonuses and share-based compensation for our executives and certain other employees. General and administrative expenses also include legal and professional fees, business insurance costs, operating lease costs and other costs. As a public company, we expect to continue to incur material costs related to compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including audit and accounting fees, legal, insurance, investor relations and other costs.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist primarily of payroll and related expenses, which include bonuses and share-based compensation for our employees on our engineering and development teams. Research and development expenses also include consultant fees related to our development activities to originate, develop and enhance our platforms.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of payroll and related expenses, which include bonuses and share-based compensation for our employees associated with our sales and marketing functions. Sales and marketing expenses also include consultant fees and direct marketing costs related to the promotion of our platforms and solutions. We expect our sales and marketing expenses to increase over time as we promote our platform and brand, increase marketing activities, and grow domestic and international operations.

Amortization and Depreciation

Amortization and depreciation represent the recognition of costs of assets used in operations, including property and equipment and intangible assets, over their estimated service lives.

Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration

Certain contingent consideration associated with the Callin acquisition does not meet the criteria for equity classification, and must be recorded as a liability in accordance with guidance contained in ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”). Because the contingent consideration meets the definition of a liability under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), it is measured at fair value at inception and at each reporting date in accordance with the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), with any subsequent changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in the applicable period of change.

Non-Operating Income and Other Items

Interest Income

Interest income consists of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. We invest in highly liquid securities such as money market funds, treasury bills and term deposits.

Other Income (Expense)

Other income (expense) consists of miscellaneous income earned outside of normal company revenue as well as foreign exchange gains and losses on transactions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability

We account for our outstanding warrants in accordance with ASC 815-40, under which the warrants issued in connection with Business Combination do not meet the criteria for equity classification, and must be recorded as liabilities. As these warrants meet the definition of a liability under ASC 815, they are measured at fair value at inception and at each reporting date in accordance with the guidance in ASC 820, with any subsequent changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in the applicable period of change.

Income and Deferred Tax Recovery (Expense)

Income and deferred tax recovery (expense) consists of the estimated federal, state, and foreign income taxes incurred in the U.S. and other jurisdictions in which we operate.

Key Business Metrics

To analyze our business performance, determine financial forecasts and help develop long-term strategic plans, we review the key business metrics described below.

Monthly Active Users (“MAUs”)

We use MAUs as a measure of audience engagement to help us understand the volume of users engaged with our content on a monthly basis. MAUs represent the total web, mobile app, and connected TV users of Rumble for each month, which allows us to measure our total user base calculated from data provided by Google, a third-party analytics provider. Google defines “active users” as the “[n]umber of distinct users who visited your website or application.”¹ We have used the Google analytics systems since we first began publicly reporting MAU statistics, and the resulting data have not been independently verified.

As of July 1, 2023, Universal Analytics (“UA”), Google’s analytics platform on which we historically relied for calculating MAUs using company-set parameters, was phased out by Google and ceased processing data. At that time, Google Analytics 4 (“GA4”) succeeded UA as Google’s next-generation analytics platform, which has been used to determine MAUs since the third quarter of 2023 and which we expect to continue to use to determine MAUs in future periods. Although Google has disclosed certain information regarding the transition to GA4,² Google does not currently make available sufficient information relating to its new GA4 algorithm for us to determine the full effect of the switch from UA to GA4 on our reported MAUs. Because Google has publicly stated that metrics in UA “may be more or less similar” to metrics in GA4, and that “[i]t is not unusual for there to be apparent discrepancies” between the two systems,³ we are unable to determine whether the transition from UA to GA4 has had a positive or negative effect, or the magnitude of such effect, if any, on our reported MAUs. It is therefore possible that MAUs that we reported based on the UA methodology (“MAUs (UA)”) for periods prior to July 1, 2023, cannot be meaningfully compared to MAUs based on the GA4 methodology (“MAUs (GA4)”) in subsequent periods.

Google, “[UA→GA4] Comparing Metrics: Google Analytics 4 vs. Universal Analytics, https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/11986666#zippy=%2Cin-this-article (last accessed May 13, 2024) (hereinafter: “Google, Comparing Metrics.”) (providing the technical criteria Google uses to calculate active users).

Id.

MAUs (GA4) represent the total web, mobile app, and connected TV users of Rumble for each month,⁴ which allows us to measure our total user base calculated from data provided by Google.⁵ Connected TV users were not counted within MAUs within MAUs (UA) for periods prior to July 1, 2023, and we believe that the number of such users was immaterial in those prior periods. We also believe that fewer than 1 million MAUs in the current period are from connected TV, making them similarly immaterial. Google’s parameters for measuring “active users” appear to exclude many, but not all, users who access content on Rumble through “embedded” videos on domains other than rumble.com, and we are unable to determine the exact number of users who access “embedded” content within our total number of MAUs. In addition, MAUs (GA4) may rely on statistical sampling and may be based on estimates of data that Google is missing “due to factors such as cookie consent.”⁶

As with our earlier MAU reporting, there is a potential for minor overlap in the resulting data due to users who access Rumble’s content through the web, our mobile apps, and connected TVs in a given measurement period; however, given that we believe this minor overlap to be immaterial, we do not separately track or report “unique users” as distinct from MAUs. Our reported MAUs do not include users of Locals. We also do not separately report the number of users who register for accounts in any given period, which is different from MAUs.

Like many other major social media companies, we rely on significant paid advertising in order to attract users to our platform; however, we cannot be certain that all or substantially all activity that results from such advertising is genuine. Spam activity, including inauthentic and fraudulent user activity, if undetected, may contribute to some amount of overstatement of our performance indicators, including reporting of MAUs by Google. We continually seek to improve our ability to estimate the total number of spam-generated users, and we eliminate material activity that is substantially likely to be spam from the calculation of our MAUs. We will not, however, succeed in identifying and removing all spam.

MAUs (GA4) were 50 million on average in the first quarter of 2024, a decrease of 25% from the fourth quarter of 2023. We believe that the decrease from the fourth quarter of 2023 is attributable to the fourth quarter’s increased interest in geopolitical events, high profile seasonal sporting events and increased interest in certain Rumble content creators, in each case relative to the first quarter of 2024.

⁴

During the measurement period, Rumble was available on the following connected TV systems: Roku, Android TV, Amazon Fire, LG, and Samsung TVs.

⁵

Google provides additional information on its definition of an “active user,” see Google, Comparing Metrics.

⁶

According to the GA4 dashboard, “[a]s of August 26, 2023, Analytics is estimating data that’s missing due to factors such as cookie consent.

Estimated Minutes Watched Per Month (“MWPM”)

We use estimated MWPM as a measure of audience engagement to help us understand the volume of users engaged with our content on a monthly basis and the intensity of users’ engagement with the platform. Estimated MWPM represents the monthly average of minutes watched per user within a quarterly period, which helps us measure user engagement. Estimated MWPM is calculated by converting actual bandwidth consumption into minutes watched, using our management’s best estimate of video resolution quality mix and various encoding parameters. We continually seek to improve our best estimates based on our observations of creator and user behavior on the Rumble platform, which changes based on the introduction of new product features, including livestreaming. We are currently limited, however, in our ability to collect data from certain aspects of our systems. These limits may result in errors that are difficult to quantify, especially as the proportion of livestreaming on the Rumble platform increases over time, and as we improve the quality of various video formats by increasing bit rates.

Bandwidth consumption includes video traffic across the entire Rumble platform (website, apps, embedded video, connected TV, RAC, etc.). In addition, our management believes bandwidth consumption includes a nominal amount of non-video traffic on the Rumble and Locals platforms and a potentially significant amount of consumption of Rumble videos outside of the Rumble video player and Rumble apps, due in part to intentional user circumvention of the Rumble platform that, despite our continuous efforts, we are unable to eliminate. Combined, the bandwidth consumption for this traffic may be material and difficult to quantify, resulting in an inability for us to monetize a potentially significant portion of our estimated MWPM.

Estimated MWPM was 8.6 billion on average in the first quarter of 2024, a decrease of 18% from the fourth quarter of 2023. We believe that the decline from the fourth quarter of 2023 was due to the majority of our bandwidth consumption moving from third-party service providers’ content delivery networks (“CDNs”) to our own proprietary CDN. Based on preliminary testing, our own CDN indicates less bandwidth consumption than one of our service providers’ CDNs for comparable user activity. Because we calculate estimated MWPM by converting bandwidth consumption into minutes watched, consumption measured through our own CDN yields a lower estimated MWPM than when measured through that service provider’s CDN.

Hours of Uploaded Video Per Day

We use the amount of hours of uploaded video per day as a measure of content creation to help us understand the volume of content being created and uploaded to us on a daily basis. Hours of uploaded video per day were 12,429 on average in the first quarter of 2024, representing an increase of 11% from the first quarter of 2023 and a decrease of 1% from the fourth quarter of 2023. As previously disclosed, we believe hours of uploaded video per day have been depressed by YouTube’s decision in the fourth quarter of 2023 to disable the ability of its users to utilize our tool that automatically imports videos from creators’ YouTube channels to their Rumble channels, commonly known as the “YouTube sync” tool. We provided additional information about this issue in a current report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 16, 2024.

We regularly review, have adjusted in the past, and may in the future adjust our processes for calculating our key business metrics to improve their accuracy, including through the application of new data or technologies or product changes that may allow us to identify previously undetected spam activity. As a result of such adjustments, our key business metrics may not be comparable period-over-period.

Given our focus on monetization of our user base in 2024, we plan to disaggregate our revenue into additional categories later in the year. We also plan to introduce a new key business metric, Average Revenue Per User (“ARPU”), for certain revenue categories later in 2024. We believe this ARPU measurement best reflects the focus of our management team, and, accordingly, over time we intend to phase out the reporting of estimated MWPM and hours of uploaded videos per day.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our condensed consolidated interim statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 and the dollar and percentage change between the two periods:

For the three months ended March 31,	2024			2023			Variance ($)			Variance (%)

Revenues	$	17,733,456		$	17,615,375		$	118,081			1	%

Expenses
Cost of services (content, hosting and other)	$	31,828,354		$	26,014,365		$	5,813,989			22	%
General and administrative		9,322,379			8,595,096			727,283			8	%
Research and development		4,527,792			2,617,659			1,910,133			73	%
Sales and marketing		3,296,742			3,335,565			(38,823	)		(1	)%
Amortization and depreciation		2,426,142			681,074			1,745,068			256	%
Changes in fair value of contingent consideration		1,336,589			-			1,336,589			*NM
Total expenses		52,737,998			41,243,759			11,494,239			28	%
Loss from operations		(35,004,542	)		(23,628,384	)		(11,376,158	)		48	%
Interest income		2,521,952			3,307,927			(785,975	)		(24	)%
Other expense		(69,708	)		(15,906	)		(53,802	)		338	%
Change in fair value of warrant liability		(10,737,895	)		(8,331,750	)		(2,406,145	)		29	%
Loss before income taxes		(43,290,193	)		(28,668,113	)		(14,622,080	)		51	%
Income tax recovery		153			-			153			*NM
Net loss	$	(43,290,040	)	$	(28,668,113	)	$	(14,621,927	)		51	%

NM- Percentage change not meaningful.

Revenues

Revenues increased by $0.1 million to $17.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, of which $3.2 million is attributable to higher other services and cloud, offset by a decrease in advertising revenues of $3.1 million. The increase in revenue from other services and cloud was driven mainly by subscriptions, tipping features, and cloud services offered. The decrease in advertising revenue was due to volatility inherent in a small number of creators and manual processes associated with sponsorship revenues.

Cost of Services

Cost of services increased by $5.8 million to $31.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was due to an increase in programming and content costs of $5.3 million, hosting expenses of $0.1 million, and other service costs of $0.4 million.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased by $0.7 million to $9.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was due to an increase in payroll and related expense of $0.1 million and share-based compensation of $2.3 million, offset in part by a $1.7 million decrease in other administrative expenses. The $2.3 million increase in share-based compensation was related to the recognition of contingent shares issued in connection with the Callin acquisition that were accounted for as a post-combination expense as well as the expense of previously and newly granted restricted stock units and stock options for certain employees and executives. The remaining $1.6 million decrease in other administrative expenses was mainly driven by public company-related costs, including accounting, legal, investor relations, insurance, and other administrative services.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses increased by $1.9 million to $4.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was due to an increase in payroll and related expenses of $1.6 million, as well as a $0.3 million increase in costs related to computer hardware, software, and other expenses used in research and development related activity.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $39.0 thousand to $3.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was due to a slight reduction in marketing and public relations activities, offset in part by an increase in payroll and related expenses and consulting services.

Amortization and Depreciation

Amortization and depreciation increased by $1.7 million to $2.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was due to an increase of $0.6 million from depreciation on our property and equipment as we continue to build out our infrastructure as well as an increase in amortization from intangible assets of $1.1 million.

Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration

Change in fair value of contingent consideration increased by $1.3 million resulting in a loss of $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The contingent consideration liability arose in connection with the Callin acquisition and the fair value of this contingent consideration was measured using the fair value of the expected number of shares to be issued and Company’s share price at closing. The loss from the change in fair value of contingent consideration was directly attributable to changes in the Company’s share price since the closing.

Interest Income

Interest income decreased by $0.8 million to $2.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was due to the fact that the Company invested less in money market funds, treasury bills, and term deposits.

Other Expense

Other expense increased by $54.0 thousand to $70.0 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability

Change in fair value of warrant liability decreased by $2.4 million resulting in a loss of $10.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The warrant liability arose in connection with the warrants offered as part of the Business Combination. As these warrants meet the classification of a financial liability in accordance with ASC 815-40, the related warrant liability is measured at its fair value, determined in accordance with ASC 820, at each reporting period. The fair value of this warrant liability was measured using the fair value of the Company’s warrants listed on the Nasdaq. The decrease in the change in fair value of warrant liability is directly attributable to changes in the trading price of Rumble’s warrants.

Income Tax Recovery

Income tax recovery increased by $153 to $153 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since the completion of our Business Combination in September 2022, we have financed operations primarily through cash generated from operating activities and the funds raised from our Business Combination. The primary short-term requirements for liquidity and capital are to fund general working capital and capital expenditures.

As of March 31, 2024, our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities balance was $183.8 million. Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities consist of cash on deposit with banks and amounts held in money market funds, treasury bills, and term deposits.

As we have consistently stated, we are using a substantial portion of funds to acquire content by providing economic incentives to a small number of content creators, including sports leagues. As of March 31, 2024, we had entered into programming and content agreements with a minimum contractual cash commitment of $76 million. A significant amount of these minimum contractual cash commitments will be paid over 12 to 36 months, commencing in 2024. In addition to the minimum contractual cash commitments, we have programming and content agreements that have variable cost arrangements. These future costs are dependent upon many factors and are difficult to anticipate, however, these costs may be substantial.

The following table presents a summary of the condensed consolidated interim statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three months ended March 31,
Net cash provided by (used in):	2024			2023			Variance ($)
Operating activities	$	(33,856,535	)	$	(9,979,001	)	$	(23,877,534	)
Investing activities		(1,782,428	)		(1,985,636	)		203,208

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily consisted of net loss adjusted for certain non-cash items, including a $12.1 million loss on the change in fair value of warrants and contingent consideration, partially offset by a $4.8 million changes in share-based compensation, $2.7 million changes in amortization and depreciation as well as changes in operating assets and liabilities. The increase in net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 was mostly due to an increase in expenses partially offset by changes in revenue and operating assets and liabilities.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 consisted of $1.8 million in purchases of property, equipment, and intangible assets. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 was mostly due to a decrease in purchases of property, equipment, and intangible assets.

Summary of Quarterly Results

Information for the most recent quarters presented are as follows:

	Mar 31, 2024			Dec 31, 2023			Sep 30, 2023			Jun 30, 2023
Total revenue	$	17,733,456		$	20,391,872		$	17,982,150		$	24,974,054
Net loss	$	(43,290,040	)	$	(29,277,227	)	$	(29,021,042	)	$	(29,454,080	)

	Mar 31, 2023			Dec 31, 2022			Sep 30, 2022			Jun 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	17,615,375		$	19,957,025		$	10,983,182		$	4,399,312
Net loss	$	(28,668,113	)	$	(944,668	)	$	(1,858,452	)	$	(4,688,680	)

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We prepare our condensed consolidated interim financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). The preparation of condensed consolidated interim financial statements also requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates on a continuous basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by our management. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.

We believe that the following key accounting policies require significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated interim financial statements. Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that we consider the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations because they require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. Accordingly, we believe that these are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations.

For further information on the summary of significant accounting policies and the effect on our condensed consolidated interim financial statements, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Annual Financial Statements.

Acquisitions (Business Combination vs Asset Acquisition)

The Company evaluates whether acquired net assets should be accounted for as a business combination or an asset acquisition by first applying a screen test to determine whether substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If so, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. If not, the Company applies its judgment to determine whether the acquired net assets meets the definition of a business by considering if the set includes an acquired input, process, and the ability to create outputs.

Valuation of Intangible Assets

The Company acquired intangible assets in connection with acquisitions of Callin and North River. A valuation was performed to determine the estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets related to the acquisition. Judgment is required to estimate the fair value of these identifiable intangible assets. We may use quoted market prices, prices for similar assets, present value techniques, and other valuation techniques such as the depreciated replacement cost and relief from royalty methods to prepare these estimates. We may need to make estimates of future cash flows and discount rates as well as other assumptions in order to implement these valuation techniques. Due to the degree of judgment involved in our estimation techniques, our estimate may result in significant difference in the estimation of fair value.

Share-based Compensation

The Company issues equity awards such as stock options and restricted stock units to certain of its employees, directors, officers and consultants. We account for equity awards by recognizing the fair value of share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award.

For equity awards with a service condition, the fair value is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model which takes into account the following inputs: stock price, expected term, volatility, and risk-free interest rate. For equity awards with a market condition, the fair value is estimated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation methodology that includes simulating the stock price using a risk-neutral Geometric Brownian Motion-based pricing model. Changes in the estimated inputs or using other option valuation methods may result in materially different option values and share-based compensation expense.

For equity awards with a performance condition, the Company assesses the likelihood of the performance condition underlying an award being met and recognizes a share-based compensation expense associated with that award only if it is probable the performance condition will be met. Where the performance condition underlying an award is a change in control, the Company considers the performance condition to be probable only when it occurs.

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to income taxes in the United States and other foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes and income tax assets and liabilities, including evaluating uncertainties in the application of accounting principles and complex tax laws.

Uncertain tax positions are accounted for using a comprehensive model for the manner in which a company should recognize, measure, present and disclose in its financial statements all material uncertain income tax positions. The Company reviews its nexus in various tax jurisdictions and the Company’s tax positions related to all open tax years for events that could change the status of its tax liability, if any, or require an additional liability to be recorded. Such events may be the resolution of issues raised by a taxing authority, expiration of the statute of limitations for a prior open tax year or new transactions for which a tax position may be deemed to be uncertain. Those positions, for which management’s assessment is that there is more than a 50 percent probability of sustaining the position upon challenge by a taxing authority based upon its technical merits, are subjected to the measurement criteria.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our Annual Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

JOBS Act Accounting Election

We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act. Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We intend to elect to adopt new or revised accounting standards under private company adoption timelines. Accordingly, the timing of our adoption of new or revised accounting standards will not be the same as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies or that have opted out of using such extended transition period and our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of public companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to certain market risks as part of our ongoing business operations.

Credit and Concentration Risk

We are exposed to credit risk on our cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. We place cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities with financial institutions with high credit standing, and we place excess cash in money market funds, treasury bills, and deposits. We are exposed to credit risk on our accounts receivable in the event of default by a customer. We bill our customers under customary payment terms and review customers for their creditworthiness. The term between invoicing and payment due date is not significant. A meaningful portion of our revenue is attributable to service agreements with one customer. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, one customer accounted for $2.7 million and $9.2 million or 15% and 52% of our revenue, respectively. As of March 31, 2024 one customer accounted for 9% of our accounts receivable (December 31, 2023 - 35%).

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to interest rate risk on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. As of March 31, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $183.8 million, consisting of investments in money market funds, treasury bills, and term deposits for which the fair market value would be affected by changes in the general level of interest rates. However, due to the short-term maturities and the low-risk profile of our investments, an immediate 10% change in interest rates would not have a material effect on the fair market value of our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on this review and evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this Quarterly Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are, and from time to time may become, involved in various legal proceedings arising in the normal course of our business activities, such as copyright infringement and tort claims arising from user-uploaded content, patent infringement claims, breach of contract claims, government demands, putative class actions based upon consumer protection or privacy laws and other matters. The amounts that may be recovered in such matters may be subject to insurance coverage.

On January 27, 2022, we received notification of a lawsuit filed by Kosmayer Investment Inc. (“KII”) against Rumble and Mr. Pavlovski in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, alleging fraudulent misrepresentation in connection with KII’s decision to redeem its shares of Rumble in August 2020. On June 3, 2022, we served our statement of defence, and KII filed a reply pleading on June 15, 2022. The case remains in discovery. KII is seeking rescission of such redemption such that, following such rescission, KII would own 20% of the issued and outstanding shares of Rumble or, in the alternative, damages for the lost value of the redeemed shares, which KII has alleged to be worth $419.0 million (based on the value ascribed to the shares of Rumble in the Business Combination), together with other damages including punitive damages and costs. The case remains in discovery. Although we believe that the allegations are meritless and intend to vigorously defend against them, the result or impact of such claim is uncertain, and could result in, among other things, damages, and/or awards of attorneys’ fees or expenses.

In January 2021, we filed an antitrust lawsuit against Google in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging that Google unlawfully gives an advantage to its YouTube platform over Rumble in search engine results and in the mobile phone market. In June 2021, Google filed a partial motion to dismiss the lawsuit and a motion to strike; in July 2022, the court denied Google’s motion. The case is currently in discovery, with trial scheduled for May 2025. In addition, on May 13, 2024, we filed a second antitrust lawsuit against Google, also in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, related to Google’s monopolization of the online advertising market. This lawsuit is separate and distinct from the self-preferencing lawsuit filed in January 2021.

In August 2022, we received notification of a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida by Interactive Content Engines LLC (“ICE”), a non-practicing entity. We and ICE agreed to settle the lawsuit in March 2024; the terms of the settlement provide for no payment by Rumble to ICE and include a covenant by ICE not to sue any current Rumble entity for patent infringement. The lawsuit was dismissed in April 2024

In October 2022 and December 2023, we received notifications of two putative class action lawsuits alleging violations of the Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA). In December 2023, the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida dismissed the first VPPA lawsuit based on the forum selection clause in our terms and conditions. Shortly thereafter, the plaintiff in the second VPPA lawsuit voluntarily dismissed his complaint. The plaintiff in the first VPPA lawsuit appealed the district court’s decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit; in March 2024, the parties agreed to the voluntary dismissal of the appeal, with each party bearing its own costs and no consideration being exchanged.

Along with co-plaintiff Eugene Volokh, in December 2022, we filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York to block the enforcement of New York State’s Social Media Law. In February 2023, the court granted our motion for a preliminary injunction, halting enforcement of the law. The New York Attorney General appealed that decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit; that appeal remains pending.

In November 2023, we filed a defamation lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida against Nandini Jammi and Claire Atkin, co-founders of an organization that targets news outlets and platforms that do not adhere to their political worldview. The lawsuit seeks actual, presumed, and punitive damages against Jammi and Atkin for their defamatory statements about Rumble, in addition to all costs and fees associated with the case. We have also asked the court to prohibit the defendants from repeating their false statements. Our response to the defendants’ motion to dismiss the case is due on May 31, 2024.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors described under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. You should carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and cautionary statements described therein, together with the other disclosures in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other public filings with the SEC. Any such risks and uncertainties, as well as risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial, may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety DisclosureS.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Not applicable.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report.

Exhibit No.		Description
31.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

*	Filed herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	RUMBLE INC.

Date: May 14, 2024		/s/ Chris Pavlovski
	Name:	Chris Pavlovski
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer and Chairman

Date: May 14, 2024		/s/ Brandon Alexandroff
	Name:	Brandon Alexandroff
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer