Iron Mountain Incorporated (NYSE:IRM), a global leader in information management services, announces financial results for the third quarter of 2024. The conference call / webcast details, earnings call presentation and supplemental financial information, which includes definitions of certain capitalized terms used in this release, are available on Iron Mountain's Investor Relations website. Reconciliations of non-GAAP measures to the appropriate GAAP measures are included herein.

Financial Performance Highlights for the Third Quarter of 2024

($ in millions, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended		Y/Y % Change		Year to Date		Y/Y % Change
	9/30/24	9/30/23	Reported $	Constant Fx	9/30/24	9/30/23	Reported $	Constant Fx
Storage Rental Revenue	$936	$859	9%	9%	$2,740	$2,500	10%	10%
Service Revenue	$622	$530	17%	18%	$1,828	$1,561	17%	17%
Total Revenue	$1,557	$1,389	12%	13%	$4,569	$4,061	13%	13%

Net Income	$(34)	$91	(137)%		$78	$158	(51)%
Reported EPS	$(0.11)	$0.31	(136)%		$0.26	$0.53	(51)%
Adjusted EPS	$0.44	$0.45	(2)%		$1.28	$1.28	—

Adjusted EBITDA	$568	$500	14%	14%	$1,631	$1,436	14%	14%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin	36.5%	36.0%	50 bps		35.7%	35.4%	30 bps

AFFO	$332	$301	10%		$977	$884	11%
AFFO per share	$1.13	$1.02	11%		$3.30	$3.01	10%

"We are pleased to report a very strong third quarter and continued strong momentum in the second half of 2024, resulting in all-time record Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, and AFFO," said William L. Meaney, President and CEO of Iron Mountain. "Our team is making outstanding progress toward our accelerated growth objectives and our Project Matterhorn operating model continues to drive our business to greater heights by providing new and enhanced solutions for our customers."

Total reported revenues for the third quarter were $1.6 billion, compared with $1.4 billion in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of 12.2%. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange ("Fx"), total reported revenues increased 12.5% compared to the prior year, driven by a 9.3% increase in storage rental revenue and a 17.6% increase in service revenue. Year to date, total reported revenues increased 12.5%, or 12.8% excluding the impact of Fx.
Net Income for the third quarter was $(33.7) million, compared with $91.4 million in the third quarter of 2023. Unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates resulted in an approximate $76.0 million dollar impact to Other Expense (Income), Net, year over year. Year to date, net income was $78.0 million, compared with $158.1 million in 2023.
Adjusted EBITDA for the third quarter was $568.1 million, compared with $500.0 million in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of 13.6%. On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased by 13.9% in the third quarter, compared to the third quarter of 2023, driven by increased revenue in Global RIM, ALM, and data center. On a constant currency basis, year to date Adjusted EBITDA increased 13.9%.
FFO (Normalized) per share was $0.79 for the third quarter, compared with $0.76 in the third quarter of 2023. Year to date, FFO (Normalized) per share was $2.31, compared with $2.19 in 2023, or an increase of 5.5%.
AFFO was $332.0 million for the third quarter, compared with $301.2 million in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of 10.2% driven by improved Adjusted EBITDA. Year to date, AFFO was $976.6 million compared with $883.5 million, or an increase of 10.5%.
AFFO per share was $1.13 for the third quarter, compared with $1.02 in the third quarter of 2023. Year to date, AFFO per share was $3.30, compared to $3.01 in 2023, or an increase of 9.6%.

Dividend

On November 6, 2024, Iron Mountain's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.715 per share for the fourth quarter. The fourth quarter 2024 dividend is payable on January 7, 2025, for shareholders of record on December 16, 2024.

Guidance

Iron Mountain affirmed full year 2024 guidance, and now expects to be on track to achieve the high end of full year 2024 guidance range; details are summarized in the table below.

	2024 Guidance⁽¹⁾
	($ in millions, except per share data)
		2024 Guidance
	Total Revenue	$6,000 - $6,150
	Adjusted EBITDA	$2,175 - $2,225
	AFFO	$1,300 - $1,335
	AFFO Per Share	$4.39 - $4.51

(1) Iron Mountain does not provide a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures that it discusses as part of its annual guidance or long term outlook because certain significant information required for such reconciliation is not available without unreasonable efforts or at all, including, most notably, the impact of exchange rates on Iron Mountain's transactions, loss or gain related to the disposition of real estate and other income or expense. Without this information, Iron Mountain does not believe that a reconciliation would be meaningful.

About Iron Mountain

Iron Mountain Incorporated (NYSE:IRM) is a global leader in information management services. Founded in 1951 and trusted by more than 240,000 customers worldwide, Iron Mountain serves to protect and elevate the power of our customers' work. Through a range of offerings including digital transformation, data centers, secure records storage, information management, asset lifecycle management, secure destruction and art storage and logistics, Iron Mountain helps businesses bring light to their dark data, enabling customers to unlock value and intelligence from their stored digital and physical assets at speed and with security, while helping them meet their environmental goals.

To learn more about Iron Mountain, please visit: www.IronMountain.com and follow @IronMountain on X (formerly Twitter) and LinkedIn.

Forward Looking Statements

We have made statements in this press release that constitute "forward-looking statements" as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other securities laws. These forward-looking statements concern our current expectations regarding our future results from operations, economic performance, financial condition, goals, strategies, investment objectives, plans and achievements.

These forward-looking statements are subject to various known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, and you should not rely upon them except as statements of our present intentions and of our present expectations, which may or may not occur. When we use words such as "believes", "expects", "anticipates", "estimates", "plans", "intends", "projects", "pursue", "will" or similar expressions, we are making forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our expected results may not be achieved, and actual results may differ materially from our expectations. In addition, important factors that could cause actual results to differ from expectations include, among others: (i) our ability or inability to execute our strategic growth plan, including our ability to invest according to plan, grow our businesses (including through joint ventures or other co-investment vehicles), incorporate alternative technologies (including artificial intelligence) into our offerings, achieve satisfactory returns on new product offerings, continue our revenue management, expand and manage our global operations, complete acquisitions on satisfactory terms, integrate acquired companies efficiently and transition to more sustainable sources of energy; (ii) changes in customer preferences and demand for our storage and information management services, including as a result of the shift from paper and tape storage to alternative technologies that require less physical space; (iii) the costs of complying with and our ability to comply with laws, regulations and customer requirements, including those relating to data privacy and cybersecurity issues, as well as fire and safety and environmental standards; (iv) the impact of attacks on our internal information technology ("IT") systems, including the impact of such incidents on our reputation and ability to compete and any litigation or disputes that may arise in connection with such incidents; (v) our ability to fund capital expenditures; (vi) the impact of our distribution requirements on our ability to execute our business plan; (vii) our ability to remain qualified for taxation as a real estate investment trust for United States federal income tax purposes; (viii) changes in the political and economic environments in the countries in which we operate and changes in the global political climate; (ix) our ability to raise debt or equity capital and changes in the cost of our debt; (x) our ability to comply with our existing debt obligations and restrictions in our debt instruments; (xi) the impact of service interruptions or equipment damage and the cost of power on our data center operations; (xii) the cost or potential liabilities associated with real estate necessary for our business; (xiii) unexpected events, including those resulting from climate change or geopolitical events, could disrupt our operations and adversely affect our reputation and results of operations; (xiv) failures to implement and manage new IT systems; (xv) other trends in competitive or economic conditions affecting our financial condition or results of operations not presently contemplated; and (xvi) the other risks described in our periodic reports filed with the SEC, including under the caption "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements appearing in this press release.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures

Throughout this press release, Iron Mountain discusses (1) Adjusted EBITDA, (2) Adjusted EPS, (3) FFO (Nareit), (4) FFO (Normalized), and (5) AFFO. These measures do not conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). These non-GAAP measures are supplemental metrics designed to enhance our disclosure and to provide additional information that we believe to be important for investors to consider in addition to, but not as a substitute for, other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with GAAP, such as operating income, net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated or cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with GAAP). The reconciliation of these measures to the appropriate GAAP measure, as required by Regulation G under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and their definitions are included later in this release.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited; dollars in thousands)
	9/30/2024	12/31/2023
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$168,515	$222,789
Accounts Receivable, Net	1,243,464	1,259,826
Prepaid Expenses and Other	306,867	252,930
Total Current Assets	$1,718,846	$1,735,545
Property, Plant and Equipment:
Property, Plant and Equipment	$11,549,081	$10,373,989
Less: Accumulated Depreciation	(4,354,477)	(4,059,120)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$7,194,604	$6,314,869
Other Assets, Net:
Goodwill	$5,198,460	$5,017,912
Customer and Supplier Relationships and Other Intangible Assets	1,276,963	1,279,800
Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets	2,591,238	2,696,024
Other	489,518	429,652
Total Other Assets, Net	$9,556,179	$9,423,388
Total Assets	$18,469,629	$17,473,802

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Current Portion of Long-term Debt	$136,547	$120,670
Accounts Payable	586,793	539,594
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities	1,288,176	1,250,259
Deferred Revenue	294,545	325,665
Total Current Liabilities	$2,306,061	$2,236,188
Long-term Debt, Net of Current Portion	13,245,462	11,812,500
Long-term Operating Lease Liabilities, Net of Current Portion	2,438,905	2,562,394
Other Long-term Liabilities	277,588	237,590
Deferred Income Taxes	233,484	235,410
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	70,537	177,947
Total Long-term Liabilities	$16,265,976	$15,025,841
Total Liabilities	$18,572,037	$17,262,029
(Deficit) Equity
Total (Deficit) Equity	($102,408)	$211,773
Total Liabilities and Equity (Deficit)	$18,469,629	$17,473,802

Quarterly Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited; dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
	Q3 2024		Q2 2024		Q/Q % Change		Q3 2023		Y/Y % Change
Revenues:
Storage Rental	$935,701		$919,746		1.7	%	$858,656		9.0	%
Service	621,657		614,663		1.1	%	529,519		17.4	%
Total Revenues	$1,557,358		$1,534,409		1.5	%	$1,388,175		12.2	%

Operating Expenses:
Cost of Sales (excluding Depreciation and Amortization)	$678,390		$675,971		0.4	%	$592,201		14.6	%
Selling, General and Administrative	341,929		344,838		(0.8	)%	315,030		8.5	%
Depreciation and Amortization	232,240		224,501		3.4	%	198,757		16.8	%
Acquisition and Integration Costs	11,262		9,502		18.5	%	9,909		13.7	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	37,282		46,513		(19.8	)%	38,861		(4.1	)%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net	5,091		2,790		82.5	%	(4,416	)	n/a
Total Operating Expenses	$1,306,194		$1,304,115		0.2	%	$1,150,342		13.5	%

Operating Income (Loss)	$251,164		$230,294		9.1	%	$237,833		5.6	%
Interest Expense, Net	186,067		176,521		5.4	%	152,801		21.8	%
Other Expense (Income), Net	86,362		5,833		n/a		(16,271	)	n/a
Net (Loss) Income Before Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	$(21,265	)	$47,940		(144.4	)%	$101,303		(121.0	)%
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	12,400		13,319		(6.9	)%	9,912		25.1	%
Net (Loss) Income	$(33,665	)	$34,621		(197.2	)%	$91,391		(136.8	)%
Less: Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(45	)	(1,162	)	(96.1	)%	348		(112.9	)%
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated	$(33,620	)	$35,783		(194.0	)%	$91,043		(136.9	)%

Net (Loss) Income Per Share Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated:
Basic	$(0.11	)	$0.12		(191.7	)%	$0.31		(135.5	)%
Diluted	$(0.11	)	$0.12		(191.7	)%	$0.31		(135.5	)%

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic	293,603		293,340		0.1	%	292,148		0.5	%
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted	293,603		295,838		(0.8	)%	294,269		(0.2	)%

Year to Date Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited; dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
	YTD 2024	YTD 2023		% Change
Revenues:
Storage Rental	$2,740,289	$2,499,501		9.6	%
Service	1,828,341	1,560,959		17.1	%
Total Revenues	$4,568,630	$4,060,460		12.5	%

Operating Expenses:
Cost of Sales (excluding Depreciation and Amortization)	$2,007,616	$1,756,471		14.3	%
Selling, General and Administrative	1,006,232	921,355		9.2	%
Depreciation and Amortization	666,296	576,218		15.6	%
Acquisition and Integration Costs	28,573	13,015		119.5	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	124,562	121,362		2.6	%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net	8,270	(18,982	)	(143.6	)%
Total Operating Expenses	$3,841,549	$3,369,439		14.0	%

Operating Income (Loss)	$727,081	$691,021		5.2	%
Interest Expense, Net	527,107	434,148		21.4	%
Other Expense (Income), Net	79,665	67,879		17.4	%
Net Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	$120,309	$188,994		(36.3	)%
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	42,328	30,925		36.9	%
Net Income (Loss)	$77,981	$158,069		(50.7	)%
Less: Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	1,757	2,317		(24.2	)%
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated	$76,224	$155,752		(51.1	)%

Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated:
Basic	$0.26	$0.53		(50.9	)%
Diluted	$0.26	$0.53		(50.9	)%

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic	293,229	291,805		0.5	%
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted	295,912	293,615		0.8	%

Quarterly Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA (Dollars in thousands)
	Q3 2024		Q2 2024	Q/Q % Change		Q3 2023		Y/Y % Change

Net (Loss) Income	$(33,665	)	$34,621	(197.2	)%	$91,391		(136.8	)%

Add / (Deduct):
Interest Expense, Net	186,067		176,521	5.4	%	152,801		21.8	%
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	12,400		13,319	(6.9	)%	9,912		25.1	%
Depreciation and Amortization	232,240		224,501	3.4	%	198,757		16.8	%
Acquisition and Integration Costs	11,262		9,502	18.5	%	9,909		13.7	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	37,282		46,513	(19.8	)%	38,861		(4.1	)%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net (Including Real Estate)	5,091		2,790	82.5	%	(4,416	)	n/a
Other Expense (Income), Net, Excluding our Share of Losses (Gains) from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	85,532		4,532	n/a		(17,626	)	n/a
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	29,563		29,889	(1.1	)%	18,313		61.4	%
Our Share of Adjusted EBITDA Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	2,341		2,173	7.7	%	2,060		13.6	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$568,113		$544,361	4.4	%	$499,962		13.6	%

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest expense, net, provision (benefit) for income taxes, depreciation and amortization (inclusive of our share of Adjusted EBITDA from our unconsolidated joint ventures), and excluding certain items we do not believe to be indicative of our core operating results, specifically: (i) Acquisition and Integration Costs; (ii) Restructuring and other transformation; (iii) Loss (gain) on disposal/write-down of property, plant and equipment, net (including real estate); (iv) Other expense (income), net; (v) Stock-based compensation expense; and (vi) Intangible impairments. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by total revenues. We use multiples of current or projected Adjusted EBITDA in conjunction with our discounted cash flow models to determine our estimated overall enterprise valuation and to evaluate acquisition targets. We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin provide our current and potential investors with relevant and useful information regarding our ability to generate cash flows to support business investment. These measures are an integral part of the internal reporting system we use to assess and evaluate the operating performance of our business.

Year to Date Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA (Dollars in thousands)
	YTD 2024	YTD 2023		% Change

Net Income (Loss)	$77,981	$158,069		(50.7	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Interest Expense, Net	527,107	434,148		21.4	%
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	42,328	30,925		36.9	%
Depreciation and Amortization	666,296	576,218		15.6	%
Acquisition and Integration Costs	28,573	13,015		119.5	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	124,562	121,362		2.6	%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net (Including Real Estate)	8,270	(18,982	)	(143.6	)%
Other Expense (Income), Net, Excluding our Share of Losses (Gains) from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	76,954	58,559		31.4	%
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	73,491	53,195		38.2	%
Our Share of Adjusted EBITDA Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	5,767	9,919		(41.9	)%
Adjusted EBITDA	$1,631,329	$1,436,428		13.6	%

Quarterly Reconciliation of Reported Earnings per Share to Adjusted Earnings per Share
	Q3 2024		Q2 2024		Q/Q % Change		Q3 2023		Y/Y % Change

Reported EPS - Fully Diluted from Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated	$(0.11	)	$0.12		(191.7	)%	$0.31		(135.5	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Acquisition and Integration Costs	0.04		0.03		33.3	%	0.03		33.3	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	0.13		0.16		(18.8	)%	0.13		—
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net	0.02		0.01		100.0	%	(0.02	)	n/a
Other Expense (Income), Net, Excluding our Share of Losses (Gains) from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	0.29		0.02		n/a		(0.06	)	n/a
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	0.10		0.10		—		0.06		66.7	%
Non-Cash Amortization Related to Derivative Instruments	0.01		0.01		—		0.02		(50.0	)%
Tax Impact of Reconciling Items and Discrete Tax Items (1)	(0.04	)	(0.03	)	33.3	%	(0.03	)	33.3	%
Adjusted EPS - Fully Diluted from Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated	$0.44		$0.42		4.8	%	$0.45		(2.2	)%

(1) The difference between our effective tax rates and our structural tax rate (or adjusted effective tax rates) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is primarily due to (i) the reconciling items above, which impact our reported net income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes but have an insignificant impact on our reported provision (benefit) for income taxes and (ii) other discrete tax items. Our structural tax rate for purposes of the calculation of Adjusted EPS for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was 15.1% and 13.3%, respectively, and the quarter ended June 30, 2024 was 14.5%. The Tax Impact of reconciling Items and discrete tax Items is calculated using the current quarter's estimate of the annual structural tax rate. This may result in the current period adjustment plus prior reported quarterly adjustments not summing to the year to date adjustment.

Adjusted Earnings Per Share, or Adjusted EPS

We define Adjusted EPS as reported earnings per share fully diluted from net income (loss) attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated (inclusive of our share of adjusted losses (gains) from our unconsolidated joint ventures) and excluding certain items, specifically: (i) Acquisition and Integration Costs; (ii) Restructuring and other transformation; (iii) Loss (gain) on disposal/write-down of property, plant and equipment, net (including real estate); (iv) Other expense (income), net; (v) Stock-based compensation expense; (vi) Non-cash amortization related to derivative instruments; (vii) Tax impact of reconciling items and discrete tax items; and (viii) Amortization related to the write-off of certain customer relationship intangible assets. We do not believe these excluded items to be indicative of our ongoing operating results, and they are not considered when we are forecasting our future results. We believe Adjusted EPS is of value to our current and potential investors when comparing our results from past, present and future periods. Figures may not foot due to rounding.

Year to Date Reconciliation of Reported Earnings per Share to Adjusted Earnings per Share
	YTD 2024		YTD 2023		% Change

Reported EPS - Fully Diluted from Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated	$0.26		$0.53		(50.9	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Acquisition and Integration Costs	0.10		0.04		150.0	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	0.42		0.41		2.4	%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net	0.03		(0.06	)	(150.0	)%
Other Expense (Income), Net, Excluding our Share of Losses (Gains) from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	0.26		0.20		30.0	%
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	0.25		0.18		38.9	%
Non-Cash Amortization Related to Derivative Instruments	0.04		0.06		(33.3	)%
Tax Impact of Reconciling Items and Discrete Tax Items (1)	(0.08	)	(0.09	)	(11.1	)%
Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	0.01		0.01		—
Adjusted EPS - Fully Diluted from Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Iron Mountain Incorporated	$1.28		$1.28		—

(1) The difference between our effective tax rates and our structural tax rate (or adjusted effective tax rates) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is primarily due to (i) the reconciling items above, which impact our reported net income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes but have an insignificant impact on our reported provision (benefit) for income taxes and (ii) other discrete tax items. Our structural tax rate for purposes of the calculation of Adjusted EPS for the year to date periods ending September 30, 2024 and 2023 was 15.1% and 13.3%, respectively. The Tax Impact of Reconciling Items and Discrete Tax Items was calculated using the current year to date's estimate of the annual structural tax rate. This may result in the current period adjustment plus prior reported quarterly adjustments not summing to the year to date adjustment.

Quarterly Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to FFO and AFFO (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
	Q3 2024		Q2 2024		Q/Q % Change		Q3 2023		Y/Y % Change

Net (Loss) Income	$(33,665	)	$34,621		(197.2	)%	$91,391		(136.8	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Real Estate Depreciation (1)	93,864		97,771		(4.0	)%	80,430		16.7	%
Loss (Gain) on Sale of Real Estate, Net of Tax	531		579		(8.3	)%	750		(29.2	)%
Data Center Lease-Based Intangible Assets Amortization (2)	5,604		5,571		0.6	%	7,482		(25.1	)%
Our Share of FFO (Nareit) Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	1,422		1,112		27.9	%	679		109.4	%
FFO (Nareit)	$67,756		$139,654		(51.5	)%	$180,732		(62.5	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Acquisition and Integration Costs	11,262		9,502		18.5	%	9,909		13.7	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	37,282		46,513		(19.8	)%	38,861		(4.1	)%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net (Excluding Real Estate)	4,554		2,211		106.0	%	(5,116	)	(189.0	)%
Other Expense (Income), Net, Excluding our Share of Losses (Gains) from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	85,532		4,532		n/a		(17,626	)	n/a
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	29,563		29,889		(1.1	)%	18,313		61.4	%
Non-Cash Amortization Related to Derivative Instruments	4,176		4,177		—		5,270		(20.8	)%
Real Estate Financing Lease Depreciation	3,692		3,236		14.1	%	3,001		23.0	%
Tax Impact of Reconciling Items and Discrete Tax Items (3)	(10,465	)	(8,643	)	21.1	%	(10,220	)	2.4	%
Our Share of FFO (Normalized) Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	(83	)	(50	)	(66.0	)%	(44	)	88.6	%
FFO (Normalized)	$233,269		$231,021		1.0	%	$223,080		4.6	%
Per Share Amounts (Fully Diluted Shares):
FFO (Nareit)	$0.23		$0.47		(51.1	)%	$0.61		(62.3	)%
FFO (Normalized)	$0.79		$0.78		1.3	%	$0.76		3.9	%

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic	293,603		293,340		0.1	%	292,148		0.5	%
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted	293,603		295,838		(0.8	)%	294,269		(0.2	)%

(1) Includes depreciation expense related to owned real estate assets (land improvements, buildings, building improvements, leasehold improvements and racking), excluding depreciation related to real estate financing leases.

(2) Includes amortization expense for Data Center In-Place Lease Intangible Assets and Data Center Tenant Relationship Intangible Assets.

(3) Represents the tax impact of (i) the reconciling items above, which impact our reported net income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes but have an insignificant impact on our reported provision (benefit) from income taxes and (ii) other discrete tax items.

Funds From Operations, or FFO (Nareit), and FFO (Normalized)

Funds from operations ("FFO") is defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts as net income (loss) excluding depreciation on real estate assets, losses and gains on sale of real estate, net of tax, and amortization of data center leased-based intangibles ("FFO (Nareit)"). We calculate our FFO measure, including FFO (Nareit), adjusting for our share of reconciling items from our unconsolidated joint ventures. FFO (Nareit) does not give effect to real estate depreciation because these amounts are computed, under GAAP, to allocate the cost of a property over its useful life. Because values for well-maintained real estate assets have historically increased or decreased based upon prevailing market conditions, we believe that FFO (Nareit) provides investors with a clearer view of our operating performance. Our most directly comparable GAAP measure to FFO (Nareit) is net income (loss).

We modify FFO (Nareit), as is common among REITs seeking to provide financial measures that most meaningfully reflect their particular business ("FFO (Normalized)"). Our definition of FFO (Normalized) excludes certain items included in FFO (Nareit) that we believe are not indicative of our core operating results, specifically: (i) Acquisition and Integration Costs; (ii) Restructuring and other transformation; (iii) Loss (gain) on disposal/write-down of property, plant and equipment, net (excluding real estate); (iv) Other expense (income) net; (v) Stock-based compensation expense; (vi) Non-cash amortization related to derivative instruments; (vii) Real estate financing lease depreciation; (viii) Tax impact of reconciling items and discrete tax items; (ix) Intangible impairments; and (x) (Income) loss from discontinued operations, net of tax.

FFO (Normalized) per share

FFO (Normalized) divided by weighted average fully-diluted shares outstanding.

Quarterly Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to FFO and AFFO (continued) (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
	Q3 2024		Q2 2024		Q/Q % Change		Q3 2023		Y/Y % Change

FFO (Normalized)	$233,269		$231,021		1.0	%	$223,080		4.6	%
Add / (Deduct):
Non-Real Estate Depreciation	66,787		57,923		15.3	%	49,500		34.9	%
Amortization Expense (1)	62,293		60,001		3.8	%	58,344		6.8	%
Amortization of Deferred Financing Costs	6,666		6,143		8.5	%	5,485		21.5	%
Revenue Reduction Associated with Amortization of Customer Inducements and Above- and Below-Market Leases	1,321		1,475		(10.4	)%	1,715		(23.0	)%
Non-Cash Rent Expense (Income)	4,984		3,658		36.2	%	6,119		(18.5	)%
Reconciliation to Normalized Cash Taxes	(2,166	)	(2,524	)	(14.2	)%	(8,364	)	(74.1	)%
Our Share of AFFO Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	183		180		1.7	%	182		0.5	%
Less:
Recurring Capital Expenditures	41,337		36,976		11.8	%	34,861		18.6	%
AFFO	$332,000		$320,901		3.5	%	$301,201		10.2	%

Per Share Amounts (Fully Diluted Shares):
AFFO Per Share	$1.13		$1.08		4.6	%	$1.02		10.8	%

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic	293,603		293,340		0.1	%	292,148		0.5	%
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted	293,603		295,838		(0.8	)%	294,269		(0.2	)%

(1) Includes customer and supplier relationship value, intake costs, acquisition of customer relationships, capitalized commissions and other intangibles.

Adjusted Funds From Operations, or AFFO

We define adjusted funds from operations ("AFFO") as FFO (Normalized) (1) excluding (i) Non-cash rent expense (income), (ii) Depreciation on non-real estate assets, (iii) Amortization expense associated with customer and supplier relationship value, intake costs, acquisitions of customer and supplier relationships, capitalized commissions and other intangibles, (iv) Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount/premium, (v) Revenue reduction associated with amortization of customer inducements and above- and below-market data center leases and (vi) The impact of reconciling to normalized cash taxes and (2) including Recurring capital expenditures. We also adjust for these items to the extent attributable to our portion of unconsolidated ventures. We believe that AFFO, as a widely recognized measure of operations of REITs, is helpful to investors as a meaningful supplemental comparative performance measure to other REITs, including on a per share basis. AFFO should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for, other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with GAAP, such as operating income, net income (loss) or cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with GAAP).

AFFO per share

AFFO divided by weighted average fully-diluted shares outstanding.

Year to Date Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to FFO and AFFO (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
	YTD 2024		YTD 2023		% Change

Net Income (Loss)	$77,981		$158,069		(50.7	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Real Estate Depreciation (1)	275,208		238,117		15.6	%
(Gain) Loss on Sale of Real Estate, Net of Tax	(84	)	(16,849	)	(99.5	)%
Data Center Lease-Based Intangible Assets Amortization (2)	16,751		18,518		(9.5	)%
Our Share of FFO (Nareit) Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	2,975		1,373		116.7	%
FFO (Nareit)	$372,831		$399,228		(6.6	)%
Add / (Deduct):
Acquisition and Integration Costs	28,573		13,015		119.5	%
Restructuring and Other Transformation	124,562		121,362		2.6	%
Loss (Gain) on Disposal/Write-Down of PP&E, Net (Excluding Real Estate)	8,583		(1,983	)	n/a
Other Expense (Income), Net, Excluding our Share of Losses (Gains) from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	76,954		58,559		31.4	%
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	73,491		53,195		38.2	%
Non-Cash Amortization Related to Derivative Instruments	12,529		16,921		(26.0	)%
Real Estate Financing Lease Depreciation	9,914		8,997		10.2	%
Tax Impact of Reconciling Items and Discrete Tax Items (3)	(24,992	)	(26,825	)	(6.8	)%
Our Share of FFO (Normalized) Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	(92	)	(319	)	(71.5	)%
FFO (Normalized)	$682,353		$642,150		6.3	%
Per Share Amounts (Fully Diluted Shares):
FFO (Nareit)	$1.26		$1.36		(7.4	)%
FFO (Normalized)	$2.31		$2.19		5.5	%

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic	293,229		291,805		0.5	%
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted	295,912		293,615		0.8	%

(2) Includes amortization expense for Data Center In-Place Lease Intangible Assets and Data Center Tenant Relationship Intangible Assets.

Year to Date Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to FFO and AFFO (continued) (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
	YTD 2024		YTD 2023		% Change

FFO (Normalized)	$682,353		$642,150		6.3	%
Add / (Deduct):
Non-Real Estate Depreciation	181,783		140,213		29.6	%
Amortization Expense (1)	182,640		170,374		7.2	%
Amortization of Deferred Financing Costs	18,909		13,580		39.2	%
Revenue Reduction Associated with Amortization of Customer Inducements and Above- and Below-Market Leases	4,118		5,207		(20.9	)%
Non-Cash Rent Expense (Income)	14,301		20,158		(29.1	)%
Reconciliation to Normalized Cash Taxes	(1,045	)	(17,348	)	(94.0	)%
Our Share of AFFO Reconciling Items from our Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	545		4,688		(88.4	)%
Less:
Recurring Capital Expenditures	107,050		95,490		12.1	%
AFFO	$976,554		$883,532		10.5	%

Per Share Amounts (Fully Diluted Shares):
AFFO Per Share	$3.30		$3.01		9.6	%

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic	293,229		291,805		0.5	%
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted	295,912		293,615		0.8	%

(1) Includes customer and supplier relationship value, intake costs, acquisition of customer relationships, capitalized commissions and other intangibles.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241106639909/en/

Iron Mountain Reports Third Quarter Results