EVERETT, Wash., April 29, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Coastal Financial Corporation (NASDAQ:CCB) (the "Company", "Coastal", "we", "our", or "us"), the holding company for Coastal Community Bank (the "Bank"), through which it operates a community-focused bank segment ("community bank") with an industry leading banking as a service ("BaaS") segment ("CCBX"), today reported unaudited financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, including net income of $9.7 million, or $0.63 per diluted common share, compared to $13.4 million, or $0.94 per diluted common share, for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and $6.8 million, or $0.50 per diluted common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Management Discussion of the First Quarter Results

"First quarter of 2025 was impacted by elevated expenses related to the onboarding and implementation costs of several new partnerships and products within CCBX and investments in technology, however, we anticipate that the revenue and earnings from these investments will be highly valuable over the long-term," stated CEO Eric Sprink. "We saw high quality deposit growth of $205.9 million during the first quarter, and our CCBX program fee income continued to increase, up 55.2% compared to the same period in 2024."

Key Points for First Quarter and Our Go-Forward Strategy

Positive Growth Trends within CCBX Continue. As of March 31, 2025 we had two partners in testing, three in implementation/onboarding, one signed LOI and have an active pipeline of new partners and new products with existing partners for the balance of 2025 and into 2026. Total BaaS program fee income was $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $724,000, or 13.0%, from the three months ended December 31, 2024. We remain fully indemnified against fraud and 98.8% indemnified against credit risk with our CCBX partners as of March 31, 2025.

Investments for Growth Continues. Total noninterest expense of $72.0 million was up $4.6 million, or 6.8%, as compared to $67.4 million in the quarter ended December 31, 2024, mainly driven by higher salaries and employee benefits, legal and professional expenses and BaaS loan expense partially offset by lower BaaS fraud expense. As we increase the number of new CCBX partners and products with existing partners launching in 2025, we expect that expenses will tend to be front-loaded with a focus on compliance and operational risk before any new programs or products generate significant revenues. We remain focused on building our future revenue sources.

Strong Deposit Growth, Off Balance Sheet Activity Update. Total deposits of $3.79 billion, an increase of $205.9 million, or 5.7%, over the quarter ended December 31, 2024, driven primarily by growth in CCBX partner programs. On April 1, 2025 we launched the T-Mobile deposit program and those deposits will be reflected in the second quarter deposit totals. During the first quarter of 2025, we sold $744.6 million of loans, the majority of which were credit card receivables. We retain a portion of the fee income on sold credit card loans. As of March 31, 2025 there were 237,024 credit cards with fee earning potential, an increase of 54,575 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024 and an increase of 210,723 from March 31, 2024.

First Quarter 2025 Financial Highlights

The tables below outline some of our key operating metrics.

	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data; unaudited)	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024
Income Statement Data:
Interest and dividend income	$	104,907		$	102,448		$	105,165		$	97,422		$	91,742
Interest expense		28,845			30,071			32,892			31,250			29,536
Net interest income		76,062			72,377			72,273			66,172			62,206
Provision for credit losses		55,781			61,867			70,257			62,325			83,158
Net interest (expense)/ income after provision for credit losses		20,281			10,510			2,016			3,847			(20,952	)
Noninterest income		63,477			74,100			78,790			69,138			86,176
Noninterest expense		71,989			67,411			64,424			57,964			56,509
Provision for income tax		2,039			3,832			2,926			3,425			1,915
Net income		9,730			13,367			13,456			11,596			6,800

	As of and for the Three Month Period
	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	624,302		$	452,513		$	484,026		$	487,245		$	515,128
Investment securities		46,991			47,321			48,620			49,213			50,090
Loans held for sale		42,132			20,600			7,565			—			797
Loans receivable		3,517,359			3,486,565			3,413,894			3,321,813			3,195,101
Allowance for credit losses		(183,178	)		(176,994	)		(171,674	)		(148,878	)		(139,941	)
Total assets		4,339,282			4,121,208			4,064,472			3,959,549			3,863,062
Interest bearing deposits		3,251,599			3,057,808			3,047,861			2,949,643			2,888,867
Noninterest bearing deposits		539,630			527,524			579,427			593,789			574,112
Core deposits ⁽¹⁾		3,321,772			3,123,434			3,190,869			3,528,339			3,447,864
Total deposits		3,791,229			3,585,332			3,627,288			3,543,432			3,462,979
Total borrowings		47,923			47,884			47,847			47,810			47,771
Total shareholders' equity		449,917			438,704			331,930			316,693			303,709

Share and Per Share Data ⁽²⁾:
Earnings per share – basic	$	0.65		$	0.97		$	1.00		$	0.86		$	0.51
Earnings per share – diluted	$	0.63		$	0.94		$	0.97		$	0.84		$	0.50
Dividends per share		—			—			—			—			—
Book value per share ⁽³⁾	$	29.98		$	29.37		$	24.51		$	23.54		$	22.65
Tangible book value per share ⁽⁴⁾	$	29.98		$	29.37		$	24.51		$	23.54		$	22.65
Weighted avg outstanding shares – basic		14,962,507			13,828,605			13,447,066			13,412,667			13,340,997
Weighted avg outstanding shares – diluted		15,462,041			14,268,229			13,822,270			13,736,508			13,676,917
Shares outstanding at end of period		15,009,225			14,935,298			13,543,282			13,453,805			13,407,320
Stock options outstanding at end of period		163,932			186,354			198,370			286,119			309,069

See footnotes that follow the tables below

	As of and for the Three Month Period
	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024
Credit Quality Data:
Nonperforming assets ⁽⁵⁾ to total assets		1.30	%		1.52	%		1.63	%		1.34	%		1.42	%
Nonperforming assets⁽⁵⁾to loans receivable and OREO		1.60	%		1.80	%		1.94	%		1.60	%		1.72	%
Nonperforming loans ⁽⁵⁾ to total loans receivable		1.60	%		1.80	%		1.94	%		1.60	%		1.72	%
Allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans		325.0	%		282.5	%		257.2	%		278.6	%		254.3	%
Allowance for credit losses to total loans receivable		5.21	%		5.08	%		5.03	%		4.45	%		4.35	%
Gross charge-offs	$	53,686		$	61,585		$	53,305		$	55,207		$	58,994
Gross recoveries	$	5,486		$	5,223		$	4,516		$	2,254		$	2,036
Net charge-offs to average loans ⁽⁶⁾		5.57	%		6.56	%		5.60	%		6.54	%		7.30	%

Capital Ratios:
Company
Tier 1 leverage capital		10.67	%		10.78	%		8.40	%		8.31	%		8.24	%
Common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital		12.13	%		12.04	%		9.24	%		9.03	%		8.98	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital		12.22	%		12.14	%		9.34	%		9.13	%		9.08	%
Total risk-based capital		14.73	%		14.67	%		11.89	%		11.70	%		11.70	%
Bank
Tier 1 leverage capital		10.57	%		10.64	%		9.29	%		9.24	%		9.19	%
Common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital		12.12	%		11.99	%		10.34	%		10.15	%		10.14	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital		12.12	%		11.99	%		10.34	%		10.15	%		10.14	%
Total risk-based capital		13.42	%		13.28	%		11.63	%		11.44	%		11.43	%

⁽¹⁾	Core deposits are defined as all deposits excluding brokered and time deposits.
⁽²⁾	Share and per share amounts are based on total actual or average common shares outstanding, as applicable.
⁽³⁾	We calculate book value per share as total shareholders' equity at the end of the relevant period divided by the outstanding number of our common shares at the end of each period.
⁽⁴⁾	Tangible book value per share is a non-GAAP financial measure. We calculate tangible book value per share as total shareholders' equity at the end of the relevant period, less goodwill and other intangible assets, divided by the outstanding number of our common shares at the end of each period. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is book value per share. We had no goodwill or other intangible assets as of any of the dates indicated. As a result, tangible book value per share is the same as book value per share as of each of the dates indicated.
⁽⁵⁾	Nonperforming assets and nonperforming loans include loans 90+ days past due and accruing interest.
⁽⁶⁾	Annualized calculations.

Key Performance Ratios

Return on average assets ("ROA") was 0.93% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to 1.30% and 0.73% for the quarters ended December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. ROA for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, decreased 0.37% and increased 0.19% compared to December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. Noninterest expenses were higher for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024 largely due to higher salaries and employee benefits, due to annual pay increases and for new hires that contribute to our continued investments in growth, technology and risk management, legal and professional expenses and increased BaaS loan expense, which is directly related to interest earned on CCBX loans. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in BaaS fraud expense. Noninterest expenses were higher than the quarter ended March 31, 2024 due primarily to an increase in salaries and employee benefits, data processing and software licenses and legal and professional expenses, all of which are related to the growth of Company and investments in technology and risk management.

Legal and professional fees in first quarter were elevated in multiple areas including compliance, BSA, audit, legal and projects as we prepare for new partners, and we may experience a similar level of expenses again in second quarter before returning to a more historical level in third quarter 2025.

Yield on earning assets and yield on loans receivable increased 0.07% and 0.23%, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Average loans receivable as of March 31, 2025 increased $92.2 million compared to December 31, 2024 as net CCBX loans continue to grow, despite selling $744.6 million in CCBX loans during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

The following table shows the Company's key performance ratios for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended
(unaudited)	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024

Return on average assets ⁽¹⁾		0.93	%		1.30	%		1.34	%		1.21	%		0.73	%
Return on average equity ⁽¹⁾		8.91	%		14.90	%		16.67	%		15.22	%		9.21	%
Yield on earnings assets ⁽¹⁾		10.32	%		10.24	%		10.79	%		10.49	%		10.21	%
Yield on loans receivable⁽¹⁾		11.33	%		11.12	%		11.44	%		11.22	%		11.01	%
Cost of funds⁽¹⁾		3.11	%		3.24	%		3.62	%		3.60	%		3.52	%
Cost of deposits ⁽¹⁾		3.08	%		3.21	%		3.59	%		3.58	%		3.49	%
Net interest margin ⁽¹⁾		7.48	%		7.23	%		7.42	%		7.12	%		6.92	%
Noninterest expense to average assets ⁽¹⁾		6.87	%		6.54	%		6.42	%		6.05	%		6.10	%
Noninterest income to average assets⁽¹⁾		6.06	%		7.19	%		7.85	%		7.22	%		9.30	%
Efficiency ratio		51.59	%		46.02	%		42.65	%		42.84	%		38.08	%
Loans receivable to deposits ⁽²⁾		93.89	%		97.82	%		94.33	%		93.75	%		92.29	%

⁽¹⁾	Annualized calculations shown for quarterly periods presented.
⁽²⁾	Includes loans held for sale.

Management Outlook; CEO Eric Sprink

"Looking ahead to the balance of 2025, elevated onboarding activity is expected to continue into the second quarter as our CCBX pipeline remains very robust with high quality and potentially impactful opportunities. We plan to continue to invest in and enhance our technology and risk management infrastructure to support our next phase of CCBX growth. Our risk reduction efforts, namely our fraud and credit indemnifications via our partners, continued to function as expected despite the volatile macroeconomics conditions towards the end of first quarter. These efforts, plus additional growth in noninterest income should help mitigate the uncertainties associated with fluctuating interest rates and provide a stable, recurring income source." said CEO Eric Sprink.

Coastal Financial Corporation Overview

The Company has one main subsidiary, the Bank, which consists of three segments: CCBX, the community bank and treasury & administration. The CCBX segment includes all of our BaaS activities, the community bank segment includes all community banking activities and the treasury & administration segment includes treasury management, overall administration and all other aspects of the Company.

CCBX Performance Update

Our CCBX segment continues to evolve, and we have 25 relationships, at varying stages, including two partners in testing, three in implementation/onboarding, one signed LOI as of March 31, 2025. We continue to refine the criteria for CCBX partnerships, exploring relationships with larger more established partners, with experienced management teams, existing customer bases and strong financial positions. We also will consider promising medium and smaller sized partners that align with our approach and terms including financial wherewithal and will continue to exit relationships where it makes sense for us to do so.

While we explore relationships with new partners we continue to expand our product offerings with existing CCBX partners. As we become more proficient in the BaaS space we aim to cultivate new relationships that align with our long-term goals. We believe that a strategy of adding new partnerships and launching new products with existing partners allows us to expand and grow our customer base with a modest increase in regulatory risk given our operational history with them. Increases in partner activity/transaction counts is positively impacting noninterest income and we expect this trend to continue as current products grow and new products are introduced . We plan to continue selling loans as part of our strategy to balance partner and lending limits, and manage the loan portfolio and credit quality. We retain a portion of the fee income for our role in processing transactions on sold credit card balances, and will continue this strategy to provide an on-going and passive revenue source with no on balance sheet risk or capital requirement.

On April 1, 2025, we went live with the T-Mobile deposit program and our second quarter deposits will include those balances. As we build our deposit base, we will be able to sweep deposits off and on the balance sheet as needed. This deposit sweep capability allows us to better manage liquidity and deposit programs. At March 31, 2025 we swept off $406.3 million in deposits for FDIC insurance and liquidity purposes. We are also launching a new suite of deposit products with RobinHood, which are expected to launch in the back half of 2025. The introduction of theses products are expected to increase deposits.

The following table illustrates the activity and evolution in CCBX relationships for the periods presented.

	As of
(unaudited)	March 31, 2025	December 31, 2024	March 31, 2024
Active	19	19	19
Friends and family / testing	2	1	1
Implementation / onboarding	3	1	1
Signed letters of intent	1	3	0
Total CCBX relationships	25	24	21

CCBX loans increased $47.2 million, or 2.9%, to $1.65 billion despite selling $744.6 million in loans during the three months ended March 31, 2025. In accordance with the program agreement for one partner, effective April 1, 2024, the portion of the CCBX portfolio that we are responsible for losses on decreased from 10% to 5%. At March 31, 2025 the portion of this portfolio for which we are responsible represented $19.9 million in loans.

The following table details the CCBX loan portfolio:

CCBX	As of
	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total
Commercial and industrial loans:
Capital call lines	$	133,466			8.1	%	$	109,017			6.8	%	$	135,671			10.3	%
All other commercial & industrial loans		29,702			1.8			33,961			2.1			47,160			3.6
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate loans		285,355			17.3			267,707			16.7			265,148			20.2
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards		532,775			32.2			528,554			33.0			505,706			38.6
Other consumer and other loans		670,026			40.6			664,780			41.4			358,528			27.3
Gross CCBX loans receivable		1,651,324			100.0	%		1,604,019			100.0	%		1,312,213			100.0	%
Net deferred origination (fees) costs		(498	)					(442	)					(394	)
Loans receivable	$	1,650,826					$	1,603,577					$	1,311,819
Loan Yield - CCBX ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		16.88	%					16.81	%					17.74	%

⁽¹⁾	CCBX yield does not include the impact of BaaS loan expense. BaaS loan expense represents the amount paid or payable to partners for credit enhancements and originating & servicing CCBX loans. See reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures at the end of this earnings release for the impact of BaaS loan expense on CCBX loan yield.
⁽²⁾	Loan yield is annualized for the three months ended for each period presented and includes loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.

The increase in CCBX loans in the quarter ended March 31, 2025, includes an increase of $24.4 million, or 22.4%, in capital call lines as a result of normal balance fluctuations and business activities, an increase of $17.6 million, or 6.6%, in residential real estate loans and an increase of $9.5 million or 0.8%, in other consumer and other loans. We continue to monitor and manage the CCBX loan portfolio, and sold $744.6 million in CCBX loans during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to sales of $845.5 million in the quarter ended December 31, 2024. We continue to reposition ourselves by managing CCBX credit and concentration levels in an effort to optimize our loan portfolio earnings and generate off balance sheet fee income. CCBX loan yield increased 0.07% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024.

The following chart shows the growth in credit card accounts that generate fee income. This includes accounts with balances, which are included in our loan totals, and accounts that have been sold and have no corresponding balance in our loan totals, and that generate fee income.

CCBX Credit Cards

The following table details the CCBX deposit portfolio:

CCBX	As of
	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total
Demand, noninterest bearing	$	58,416			2.6	%	$	55,686			2.7	%	$	58,669			2.9	%
Interest bearing demand and money market		2,145,608			94.6			1,958,459			94.9			1,964,942			96.8
Savings		16,625			0.7			5,710			0.3			5,338			0.3
Total core deposits		2,220,649			97.9			2,019,855			97.9			2,028,949			100.0
Other deposits		46,359			2.1			44,233			2.1			—			—
Total CCBX deposits	$	2,267,008			100.0	%	$	2,064,088			100.0	%	$	2,028,949			100.0	%
Cost of deposits ⁽¹⁾		4.01	%					4.19	%					4.93	%

⁽¹⁾	Cost of deposits is annualized for the three months ended for each period presented.

CCBX deposits increased $202.9 million, or 9.8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2025 to $2.27 billion as a result of growth and normal balance fluctuations. This excludes the $406.3 million in CCBX deposits that were transferred off balance sheet for increased Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance coverage and sweep purposes, compared to $273.2 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Amounts in excess of FDIC insurance coverage are transferred, using a third-party facilitator/vendor sweep product, to participating financial institutions.

Community Bank Performance Update

In the quarter ended March 31, 2025, the community bank saw net loans decrease $16.5 million, or 0.9%, to $1.87 billion, as a result of normal balance fluctuations.

The following table details the Community Bank loan portfolio:

Community Bank	As of
	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total
Commercial and industrial loans	$	149,104			8.0	%	$	150,395			8.0	%	$	154,395			8.2	%
Real estate loans:
Construction, land and land development loans		166,551			8.9			148,198			7.8			160,862			8.5
Residential real estate loans		202,920			10.8			202,064			10.7			231,157			12.2
Commercial real estate loans		1,340,647			71.6			1,374,801			72.8			1,342,489			71.0
Consumer and other loans:
Other consumer and other loans		13,326			0.7			13,542			0.7			1,447			0.1
Gross Community Bank loans receivable		1,872,548			100.0	%		1,889,000			100.0	%		1,890,350			100.0	%
Net deferred origination fees		(6,015	)					(6,012	)					(7,068	)
Loans receivable	$	1,866,533					$	1,882,988					$	1,883,282
Loan Yield⁽¹⁾		6.53	%					6.53	%					6.46	%

⁽¹⁾	Loan yield is annualized for the three months ended for each period presented and includes loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.

Community bank loans decreased $34.2 million in commercial real estate loans, $1.3 million in commercial and industrial loans and $216,000 in consumer and other loans, partially offset by an increase of $18.4 million in construction, land and land development loans, during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

The following table details the community bank deposit portfolio:

Community Bank	As of
	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total			Balance			% to Total
Demand, noninterest bearing	$	481,214			31.5	%	$	471,838			31.0	%	$	515,443			35.9	%
Interest bearing demand and money market		560,416			36.8			570,625			37.5			834,725			58.2
Savings		59,493			3.9			61,116			4.0			68,747			4.8
Total core deposits		1,101,123			72.2			1,103,579			72.5			1,418,915			99.0
Other deposits		407,391			26.7			400,118			26.3			1			0.0
Time deposits less than $100,000		5,585			0.4			5,920			0.4			7,199			0.5
Time deposits $100,000 and over		10,122			0.7			11,627			0.8			7,915			0.6
Total Community Bank deposits	$	1,524,221			100.0	%	$	1,521,244			100.0	%	$	1,434,030			100.0	%
Cost of deposits⁽¹⁾		1.76	%					1.86	%					1.66	%

⁽¹⁾	Cost of deposits is annualized for the three months ended for each period presented.

Community bank deposits increased $3.0 million, or 0.2%, during the three months ended March 31, 2025 to $1.52 billion as result of normal balance fluctuations. The community bank segment includes noninterest bearing deposits of $481.2 million, or 31.5%, of total community bank deposits, resulting in a cost of deposits of 1.76%, which compared to 1.86% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, largely due to the decreases in the Fed funds rate late in the third quarter and during the fourth quarter of 2024.

Net Interest Income and Margin Discussion

Net interest income was $76.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $3.7 million, or 5.1%, from $72.4 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, and an increase of $13.9 million, or 22.3%, from $62.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. Net interest income compared to December 31, 2024, was higher due to an increase in average loans receivable, an increase in loan yield and a decrease in cost of funds. The increase in net interest income compared to March 31, 2024 was largely related to growth in higher yielding loans, partially offset by an increase in cost of funds relating to higher interest rates and growth in interest bearing deposits.

Net interest margin was 7.48% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 7.23% for the three months ended December 31, 2024, largely due to higher loan yield and lower cost of deposits. Net interest margin, net of BaaS loan expense, (a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures are set forth in the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of this earnings release) was 4.28% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 4.16% for the three months ended December 31, 2024. Net interest margin was 6.92% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 was largely due to an increase in loan yield, partially offset by higher interest rates on interest bearing deposits. Interest and fees on loans receivable increased $2.6 million, or 2.7%, to $98.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $95.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, as a result of loan growth. Interest and fees on loans receivable increased $12.3 million, or 14.3%, compared to $85.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to an increase in outstanding balances and higher interest rates. Net interest margin, net of BaaS loan expense (a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures are set forth in the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of this earnings release) increased 0.12% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended December 31, 2024 and increased 0.26% compared the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The following tables illustrate how net interest margin and loan yield is affected by BaaS loan expense:

Consolidated	As of and for the Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	March 31 2025			December 31 2024			March 31 2024
Net interest margin, net of BaaS loan expense:
Net interest margin ⁽¹⁾		7.48	%		7.23	%		6.92	%
Earning assets		4,124,065			3,980,078			3,613,769
Net interest income (GAAP)		76,062			72,377			62,206
Less: BaaS loan expense		(32,507	)		(30,720	)		(26,107	)
Net interest income, net of BaaS loan expense⁽²⁾	$	43,555		$	41,657		$	36,099
Net interest margin, net of BaaS loan expense ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		4.28	%		4.16	%		4.02	%
Loan income net of BaaS loan expense divided by average loans:
Loan yield (GAAP)⁽¹⁾		11.33	%		11.12	%		11.01	%
Total average loans receivable	$	3,511,724		$	3,419,476		$	3,137,271
Interest and earned fee income on loans (GAAP)		98,147			95,575			85,891
BaaS loan expense		(32,507	)		(30,720	)		(26,107	)
Net loan income⁽²⁾	$	65,640		$	64,855		$	59,784
Loan income, net of BaaS loan expense, divided by average loans ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		7.58	%		7.55	%		7.66	%

⁽¹⁾	Annualized calculations shown for periods presented.
⁽²⁾	A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures are set forth at the end of this earnings release.

Average investment securities decreased $974,000 to $47.2 million compared to the three months ended December 31, 2024 and decreased $68.2 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 as a result of principal paydowns and maturing securities.

Cost of funds was 3.11% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, a decrease of 13 basis points from the quarter ended December 31, 2024 and a decrease of 42 basis points from the quarter ended March 31, 2024. Cost of deposits for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was 3.08%, compared to 3.21% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, and 3.49% for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. The decreased cost of funds and deposits compared to December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were largely due to the recent reductions in the Fed funds rate.

The following table summarizes the average yield on loans receivable and cost of deposits:

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
	Yield on Loans ⁽²⁾			Cost of Deposits ⁽²⁾			Yield on Loans ⁽²⁾			Cost of Deposits ⁽²⁾			Yield on Loans ⁽²⁾			Cost of Deposits ⁽²⁾
Community Bank		6.53	%		1.76	%		6.53	%		1.86	%		6.46	%		1.66	%
CCBX ⁽¹⁾		16.88	%		4.01	%		16.81	%		4.19	%		17.74	%		4.93	%
Consolidated		11.33	%		3.08	%		11.12	%		3.21	%		11.01	%		3.49	%

⁽¹⁾	CCBX yield on loans does not include the impact of BaaS loan expense. BaaS loan expense represents the amount paid or payable to partners for credit and fraud enhancements and originating & servicing CCBX loans. To determine Net BaaS loan income earned from CCBX loan relationships, the Company takes BaaS loan interest income and deducts BaaS loan expense to arrive at Net BaaS loan income which can be compared to interest income on the Company's community bank loans. See reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures at the end of this earnings release for the impact of BaaS loan expense on CCBX loan yield.
⁽²⁾	Annualized calculations for periods presented.

The following table illustrates how BaaS loan interest income is affected by BaaS loan expense resulting in net BaaS loan income and the associated yield:

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2025					December 31, 2024					March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands, unaudited)	Income / Expense		Income / expense divided by average CCBX loans ⁽²⁾			Income / Expense		Income / expense divided by average CCBX loans⁽²⁾			Income / Expense		Income / expense divided by average CCBX loans ⁽²⁾
BaaS loan interest income	$	67,855		16.88	%	$	64,532		16.81	%	$	55,839		17.74	%
Less: BaaS loan expense		32,507		8.09	%		30,720		8.00	%		26,107		8.29	%
Net BaaS loan income⁽¹⁾	$	35,348		8.79	%	$	33,812		8.81	%	$	29,732		9.45	%
Average BaaS Loans⁽³⁾	$	1,630,088				$	1,527,178				$	1,265,857

⁽¹⁾	A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures are set forth at the end of this earnings release.
⁽²⁾	Annualized calculations shown for the periods presented.
⁽³⁾	Includes loans held for sale.

Noninterest Income Discussion

Noninterest income was $63.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a decrease of $10.6 million from $74.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, and a decrease of $22.7 million from $86.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in noninterest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024 was primarily due to a decrease of $10.8 million in total BaaS income. The $10.8 million decrease in total BaaS income included an $8.4 million decrease in BaaS credit enhancements related to the provision for credit losses and a $3.1 million decrease in BaaS fraud enhancements partially offset by an increase of $724,000 in BaaS program income. The $724,000 increase in BaaS program income is largely due to higher reimbursement of CCBX partner expenses and an increase in transaction and interchange fees and servicing and other BaaS fees, (see "Appendix B" for more information on the accounting for BaaS allowance for credit losses and credit and fraud enhancements).

The $22.7 million decrease in noninterest income over the quarter ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to a $25.1 million decrease in BaaS credit and fraud enhancements and an increase of $2.2 million in BaaS program income.

Noninterest Expense Discussion

Total noninterest expense increased $4.6 million to $72.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $67.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, and increased $15.5 million from $56.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $4.6 million increase in noninterest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024, was primarily due to a $3.5 million increase in salaries and benefits, $1.9 million increase in legal and professional fees, and $1.8 million increase in BaaS loan expense, partially offset by a $3.1 million decrease in BaaS fraud expense. The salaries and benefits and legal and professional fees increases were part of our continued investments in growth, technology and risk management. BaaS loan expense represents the amount paid or payable to partners for credit enhancements, fraud enhancements, and originating & servicing CCBX loans. BaaS fraud expense represents non-credit fraud losses on partner's customer loan and deposit accounts. A portion of this expense is realized during the quarter in which the loss occurs, and a portion is estimated based on historical or other information from our partners.

The increase in noninterest expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024 was largely due to a $6.4 million increase in BaaS loan expense, a $1.1 million increase in BaaS fraud expense, a $2.8 million increase in legal and professional expenses, a $3.5 million increase in salary and employee benefits, and a $1.3 million increase in data processing and software licenses due to enhancements in technology all of which are related to the growth of Company and investments in technology and risk management.

Certain noninterest expenses are reimbursed by our CCBX partners. In accordance with GAAP we recognize all expenses in noninterest expense and the reimbursement of expenses from our CCBX partner in noninterest income. The following table reflects the portion of noninterest expenses that are reimbursed by partners to assist the understanding of how the increases in noninterest expense are related to expenses incurred for and reimbursed by CCBX partners:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)		2025		2024		2024
Total noninterest expense (GAAP)	$	71,989	$	67,411	$	56,509
Less: BaaS loan expense		32,507		30,720		26,107
Less: BaaS fraud expense		1,993		5,043		923
Less: Reimbursement of expenses (BaaS)		1,026		812		254
Noninterest expense, net of BaaS loan expense, BaaS fraud expense and reimbursement of expenses (BaaS)⁽¹⁾	$	36,463	$	30,836	$	29,225

⁽¹⁾	A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures are set forth at the end of this earnings release.

Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes was $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, $3.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and $1.9 million for the first quarter of 2024. The income tax provision was lower for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024 as a result of the deductibility of certain equity awards which reduced tax expense during the quarter ended March 31, 2025, and was higher compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to higher net income compared to that quarter, partially offset by the deductibility of certain equity awards.

The Company is subject to various state taxes that are assessed as CCBX activities and employees expand into other states, which has increased the overall tax rate used in calculating the provision for income taxes in the current and future periods. The Company uses a federal statutory tax rate of 21.0% as a basis for calculating provision for federal income taxes and 2.55% for calculating the provision for state income taxes.

Financial Condition Overview

Total assets increased $218.1 million, or 5.3%, to $4.34 billion at March 31, 2025 compared to $4.12 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase is primarily comprised of a $171.8 million increase in cash and a $30.8 million increase in loans receivable. Total loans receivable increased to $3.52 billion at March 31, 2025, from $3.49 billion at December 31, 2024.

As of March 31, 2025, in addition to the $624.3 million in cash on hand the Company had the capacity to borrow up to a total of $662.4 million from the Federal Reserve Bank discount window and Federal Home Loan Bank, plus an additional $50.0 million from a correspondent bank. There were no borrowings outstanding on these lines as of March 31, 2025.

The Company, on a stand alone basis, had a cash balance of $45.5 million as of March 31, 2025, which is retained for general operating purposes, including debt repayment, for funding $468,000 in commitments to bank technology investment funds and $40.0 million is available to be contributed to the Bank as capital.

Uninsured deposits were $558.8 million as of March 31, 2025, compared to $543.0 million as of December 31, 2024.

Total shareholders' equity as of March 31, 2025 increased $11.2 million since December 31, 2024. The increase in shareholders' equity was primarily comprised of an increase of $1.5 million in common stock outstanding as a result of equity awards exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2025 combined with $9.7 million in net earnings.

The Company and the Bank remained well capitalized at March 31, 2025, as summarized in the following table.

(unaudited)	Coastal Community Bank			Coastal Financial Corporation			Minimum Well Capitalized Ratios under Prompt Corrective Action ⁽¹⁾
Tier 1 Leverage Capital (to average assets)		10.57	%		10.67	%		5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)		12.12	%		12.13	%		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)		12.12	%		12.22	%		8.00	%
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)		13.42	%		14.73	%		10.00	%

⁽¹⁾

Presents the minimum capital ratios for an insured depository institution, such as the Bank, to be considered well capitalized under the Prompt Corrective Action framework. The minimum requirements for the Company to be considered well capitalized under Regulation Y include to maintain, on a consolidated basis, a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0 percent or greater and a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0 percent or greater.

Asset Quality

The total allowance for credit losses was $183.2 million and 5.21% of loans receivable at March 31, 2025 compared to $177.0 million and 5.08% at December 31, 2024 and $139.9 million and 4.38% at March 31, 2024. The allowance for credit loss allocated to the CCBX portfolio was $164.2 million and 9.95% of CCBX loans receivable at March 31, 2025, with $19.0 million of allowance for credit loss allocated to the community bank or 1.02% of total community bank loans receivable.

The following table details the allocation of the allowance for credit loss as of the period indicated:

	As of March 31, 2025									As of December 31, 2024									As of March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Community Bank			CCBX			Total			Community Bank			CCBX			Total			Community Bank			CCBX			Total
Loans receivable	$	1,866,533		$	1,650,826		$	3,517,359		$	1,882,988		$	1,603,577		$	3,486,565		$	1,883,282		$	1,311,819		$	3,195,101
Allowance for credit losses		(18,992	)		(164,186	)		(183,178	)		(18,924	)		(158,070	)		(176,994	)		(21,384	)		(118,557	)		(139,941	)
Allowance for credit losses to total loans receivable		1.02	%		9.95	%		5.21	%		1.00	%		9.86	%		5.08	%		1.14	%		9.04	%		4.38	%

Net charge-offs totaled $48.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, compared to $56.4 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 and $57.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans decreased to 5.57% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to 6.56% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. CCBX partner agreements provide for a credit enhancement that covers the net-charge-offs on CCBX loans and negative deposit accounts by indemnifying or reimbursing incurred losses, except in accordance with the program agreement for one partner where the Company was responsible for credit losses on approximately 5% of a $299.8 million loan portfolio. At March 31, 2025, our portion of this portfolio represented $19.9 million in loans. Net charge-offs for this $19.9 million in loans were $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The following table details net charge-offs for the community bank and CCBX for the period indicated:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2025									December 31, 2024									March 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Community Bank			CCBX			Total			Community Bank			CCBX			Total			Community Bank			CCBX			Total
Gross charge-offs	$	4		$	53,682		$	53,686		$	139		$	61,446		$	61,585		$	15		$	58,979		$	58,994
Gross recoveries		(7	)		(5,479	)		(5,486	)		(3	)		(5,220	)		(5,223	)		(4	)		(2,032	)		(2,036	)
Net charge-offs	$	(3	)	$	48,203		$	48,200		$	136		$	56,226		$	56,362		$	11		$	56,947		$	56,958
Net charge-offs to average loans ⁽¹⁾		0.00	%		11.99	%		5.57	%		0.03	%		14.65	%		6.56	%		0.00	%		18.09	%		7.30	%

⁽¹⁾	Annualized calculations shown for periods presented.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, a $54.3 million provision for credit losses was recorded for CCBX partner loans, compared to the $63.7 million provision for credit losses was recorded for CCBX partner loans for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The provision was based on management's analysis, bringing the CCBX allowance for credit losses to $164.2 million at March 31, 2025 compared to $158.1 million at December 31, 2024. The increase in the allowance is due to the addition of new loans, partially offset by loan sales. CCBX loans have a higher level of expected losses than our community bank loans, which is reflected in the factors for the allowance for credit losses. Agreements with our CCBX partners provide for a credit enhancement which protects the Bank by indemnifying or reimbursing incurred losses.

In accordance with accounting guidance, we estimate and record a provision for expected losses for these CCBX loans and reclassified negative deposit accounts. When the provision for CCBX credit losses and provision for unfunded commitments is recorded, a credit enhancement asset is also recorded on the balance sheet through noninterest income (BaaS credit enhancements). Expected losses are recorded in the allowance for credit losses. The credit enhancement asset is relieved when credit enhancement recoveries are received from the CCBX partner. If our partner is unable to fulfill their contracted obligations then the Bank could be exposed to additional credit losses. Management regularly evaluates and manages this counterparty risk.

The factors used in management's analysis for community bank credit losses indicated that a provision of $65,000 was needed for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to a provision recapture of $1.1 million and $199,000 for the quarters ended December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The provision in the current period was due to a change in the mix of the community bank loan portfolio and growth in construction loans.

The following table details the provision expense/(recapture) for the community bank and CCBX for the period indicated:

	Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024			March 31, 2024
Community bank	$	65	$	(1,071	)	$	(199	)
CCBX		54,319		63,741			79,717
Total provision expense	$	54,384	$	62,670		$	79,518

A provision for unfunded commitments of $613,000 was recorded for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 as a result of a change in the loan mix of available balance. A provision for accrued interest receivable of $784,000 was recorded for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 on CCBX loans.

At March 31, 2025, our nonperforming assets were $56.4 million, or 1.30%, of total assets, compared to $62.7 million, or 1.52%, of total assets, at December 31, 2024, and $54.9 million, or 1.42%, of total assets, at March 31, 2024. These ratios are impacted by nonperforming CCBX loans that are covered by CCBX partner credit enhancements. As of March 31, 2025, $54.1 million of the $56.2 million in nonperforming CCBX loans were covered by CCBX partner credit enhancements described above.

Nonperforming assets decreased $6.3 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2025, compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024. This change is due to a decrease in CCBX loans 90 days or more past due and still on accrual. Community bank nonperforming loans increased $89,000 from December 31, 2024 to $189,000 as of March 31, 2025, and CCBX nonperforming loans decreased $6.4 million to $56.2 million from December 31, 2024. The decrease in CCBX nonperforming loans is due to a $7.1 million decrease in CCBX loans that are past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest partially offset by an increase of $707,000 in nonaccrual loans from December 31, 2024 to $20.2 million. Some CCBX partners have a collection practice that places certain loans on nonaccrual status to improve collectability. $16.1 million of these loans are less than 90 days past due as of March 31, 2025. As a result of the type of loans (primarily consumer loans) originated through our CCBX partners we anticipate that balances 90 days past due or more and still accruing will generally increase as those loan portfolios grow. Installment/closed-end and revolving/open-end consumer loans originated through CCBX lending partners will continue to accrue interest until 120 and 180 days past due, respectively and are reported as substandard, 90 days or more days past due and still accruing. There were no repossessed assets or other real estate owned at March 31, 2025. Our nonperforming loans to loans receivable ratio was 1.60% at March 31, 2025, compared to 1.80% at December 31, 2024, and 1.72% at March 31, 2024. The lower nonperforming loans to loans receivable ratio is a reflection of our on-going risk reduction efforts.

For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, there were $3,000 community bank net recoveries and $48.2 million in net charge-offs were recorded on CCBX loans. These CCBX loans have a higher level of expected losses than our community bank loans, which is reflected in the factors for the allowance for credit losses.

The following table details the Company's nonperforming assets for the periods indicated.

Consolidated	As of
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			March 31, 2024
Nonaccrual loans:
Commercial and industrial loans	$	381		$	334		$	—
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate		—			—			212
Commercial real estate		—			—			7,731
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards		13,602			10,262			—
Other consumer and other loans		6,376			8,967			—
Total nonaccrual loans		20,359			19,563			7,943
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more:
Commercial & industrial loans		782			1,006			1,793
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate loans		2,407			2,608			1,796
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards		27,187			34,490			37,603
Other consumer and other loans		5,632			4,989			5,731
Total accruing loans past due 90 days or more		36,008			43,093			46,923
Total nonperforming loans		56,367			62,656			54,866
Real estate owned		—			—			—
Repossessed assets		—			—			—
Total nonperforming assets	$	56,367		$	62,656		$	54,866
Total nonaccrual loans to loans receivable		0.58	%		0.56	%		0.25	%
Total nonperforming loans to loans receivable		1.60	%		1.80	%		1.72	%
Total nonperforming assets to total assets		1.30	%		1.52	%		1.42	%

The following tables detail the CCBX and community bank nonperforming assets which are included in the total nonperforming assets table above.

CCBX	As of
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			March 31, 2024
Nonaccrual loans:
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans	$	192		$	234		$	—
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards		13,602			10,262			—
Other consumer and other loans		6,376			8,967			—
Total nonaccrual loans		20,170			19,463			—
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more:
Commercial & industrial loans		782			1,006			1,793
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate loans		2,407			2,608			1,796
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards		27,187			34,490			37,603
Other consumer and other loans		5,632			4,989			5,731
Total accruing loans past due 90 days or more		36,008			43,093			46,923
Total nonperforming loans		56,178			62,556			46,923
Other real estate owned		—			—			—
Repossessed assets		—			—			—
Total nonperforming assets	$	56,178		$	62,556		$	46,923
Total CCBX nonperforming assets to total consolidated assets		1.29	%		1.52	%		1.21	%

Community Bank	As of
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024		March 31, 2024
Nonaccrual loans:
Commercial and industrial loans	$	189	$	100	$	—
Real estate:
Residential real estate		—		—		212
Commercial real estate